Food Service Managers

Job Zone

Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed

Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Monitor employee and patron activities to ensure liquor regulations are obeyed.95
Greet guests, escort them to their seats, and present them with menus and wine lists.91
Count money and make bank deposits.89
Establish standards for personnel performance and customer service.89
Keep records required by government agencies regarding sanitation or food subsidies.86
Schedule staff hours and assign duties.86
Investigate and resolve complaints regarding food quality, service, or accommodations.85
Maintain food and equipment inventories, and keep inventory records.85
Perform some food preparation or service tasks, such as cooking, clearing tables, and serving food and drinks when necessary.84
Monitor budgets and payroll records, and review financial transactions to ensure that expenditures are authorized and budgeted.84
Schedule and receive food and beverage deliveries, checking delivery contents to verify product quality and quantity.83
Coordinate assignments of cooking personnel to ensure economical use of food and timely preparation.83

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Organize and direct worker training programs, resolve personnel problems, hire new staff, and evaluate employee performance in dining and lodging facilities.82
Assess staffing needs and recruit staff, using methods such as newspaper advertisements or attendance at job fairs.80
Estimate food, liquor, wine, and other beverage consumption to anticipate amounts to be purchased or requisitioned.80
Monitor food preparation methods, portion sizes, and garnishing and presentation of food to ensure that food is prepared and presented in an acceptable manner.80
Monitor compliance with health and fire regulations regarding food preparation and serving, and building maintenance in lodging and dining facilities.78
Test cooked food by tasting and smelling it to ensure palatability and flavor conformity.77
Order and purchase equipment and supplies.77
Review work procedures and operational problems to determine ways to improve service, performance, or safety.76
Arrange for equipment maintenance and repairs, and coordinate a variety of services, such as waste removal and pest control.75
Record the number, type, and cost of items sold to determine which items may be unpopular or less profitable.74
Plan menus and food utilization, based on anticipated number of guests, nutritional value, palatability, popularity, and costs.74
Review menus and analyze recipes to determine labor and overhead costs, and assign prices to menu items.71
Take dining reservations.71
Create specialty dishes and develop recipes to be used in dining facilities.70
Schedule use of facilities or catering services for events such as banquets or receptions, and negotiate details of arrangements with clients.61
Establish and enforce nutritional standards for dining establishments, based on accepted industry standards.60

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Active Listening72
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Coordination72
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Management of Personnel Resources72
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Monitoring72
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Speaking72
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Reading Comprehension69
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Service Orientation69
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Critical Thinking66
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Social Perceptiveness66
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Time Management63
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Active Learning53
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Instructing53
Teaching others how to do something.

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Judgment and Decision Making53
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Learning Strategies53
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Negotiation53
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Complex Problem Solving50
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Management of Financial Resources50
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Management of Material Resources50
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Persuasion50
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Systems Analysis50
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation50
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Writing50
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Mathematics47
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Quality Control Analysis47
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Operations Monitoring41
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Operations Analysis38
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Operation and Control25
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Troubleshooting25
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Equipment Maintenance22
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Equipment Selection19
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Repairing19
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Science16
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Programming13
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Technology Design6
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Customer and Personal Service88
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Administration and Management77
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Food Production74
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
English Language63
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Personnel and Human Resources62
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Sales and Marketing61
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Mathematics60
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Administrative57
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Production and Processing55
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Education and Training54
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Economics and Accounting51
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Computers and Electronics47
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.

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Public Safety and Security46
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Communications and Media31
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Transportation31
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Law and Government28
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Psychology28
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Mechanical27
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Design24
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Sociology and Anthropology23
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Telecommunications23
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Foreign Language17
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Therapy and Counseling17
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Chemistry14
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Building and Construction12
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Engineering and Technology12
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Medicine and Dentistry12
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
Biology10
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Philosophy and Theology10
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Geography8
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Physics5
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Fine Arts3
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
History and Archeology2
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Deductive Reasoning72
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Oral Comprehension72
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Oral Expression72
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Problem Sensitivity72
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Written Comprehension72
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Speech Clarity69
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Near Vision53
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Selective Attention53
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Speech Recognition53
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Category Flexibility50
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Far Vision50
The ability to see details at a distance.
Inductive Reasoning50
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).

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Information Ordering50
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Manual Dexterity50
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Number Facility50
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Written Expression50
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Arm-Hand Steadiness47
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Finger Dexterity47
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Fluency of Ideas47
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Originality47
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Perceptual Speed47
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Time Sharing47
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Mathematical Reasoning44
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Memorization44
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Speed of Closure44
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Auditory Attention41
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Flexibility of Closure41
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Trunk Strength35
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Stamina28
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Visual Color Discrimination28
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Visualization28
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Control Precision25
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Dynamic Strength25
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Extent Flexibility25
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Gross Body Coordination25
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Multilimb Coordination25
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Static Strength25
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Depth Perception22
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Hearing Sensitivity22
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Reaction Time22
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Wrist-Finger Speed22
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Gross Body Equilibrium19
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Explosive Strength16
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Rate Control16
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Response Orientation10
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Speed of Limb Movement10
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Spatial Orientation6
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Glare Sensitivity0
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Night Vision0
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Peripheral Vision0
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Sound Localization0
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events84
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Getting Information82
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems81
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Coaching and Developing Others79
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Training and Teaching Others79
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others76
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships76
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards75
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials75
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates74
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings74
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates73
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.

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Staffing Organizational Units73
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Performing General Physical Activities71
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information70
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others68
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People67
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Scheduling Work and Activities67
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Developing and Building Teams66
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Handling and Moving Objects66
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources66
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work66
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public66
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge66
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Thinking Creatively63
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Developing Objectives and Strategies62
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Processing Information61
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Performing Administrative Activities60
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization59
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others59
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Selling or Influencing Others59
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Analyzing Data or Information57
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Working with Computers57
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others55
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Documenting/Recording Information52
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Assisting and Caring for Others50
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Controlling Machines and Processes49
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment38
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment34
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment30
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment23
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Dependability88
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Leadership Orientation83
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Cooperation77
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Attention to Detail73
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Social Orientation70
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Stress Tolerance68
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Self-Control65
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Adaptability60
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Achievement Orientation59
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Integrity59
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Initiative58
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Perseverance58
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.

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Self-Confidence57
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Cautiousness53
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Optimism45
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Empathy43
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Sincerity37
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Innovation32
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Tolerance for Ambiguity32
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Humility23
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
Intellectual Curiosity22
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Enterprising83
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Conventional68
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Realistic53
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.
Social42
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Investigative16
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Artistic11
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important97%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day93%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others94%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day91%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day80%
- Once a week or more but not every day14%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility65%
- High responsibility33%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day70%
- Once a week or more but not every day22%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results66%
- Important results27%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important66%
- Very important20%
- Important13%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important84%
- Not important at all11%
Spend Time Standing
- Continually or almost continually65%
- More than half the time17%
- About half the time18%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility51%
- High responsibility23%
- Moderate responsibility25%

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Physical Proximity
- Very close (near touching)49%
- Moderately close (at arm's length)28%
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)22%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom47%
- Some freedom35%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Continually or almost continually44%
- More than half the time31%
- About half the time22%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important40%
- Very important38%
- Important17%
Time Pressure
- Every day41%
- Once a week or more but not every day45%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
E-Mail
- Every day59%
- Once a week or more but not every day23%
- Never17%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom30%
- Some freedom42%
- Limited freedom16%
- Very little freedom11%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a week or more but not every day56%
- Once a month or more but not every week27%
Conflict Situations
- Once a week or more but not every day45%
- Once a month or more but not every week45%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Every day49%
- Once a week or more but not every day13%
- Once a year or more but not every month12%
- Never21%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important18%
- Very important36%
- Important17%
- Fairly important22%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- Continually or almost continually26%
- About half the time34%
- Less than half the time35%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours41%
- 40 hours25%
- Less than 40 hours34%
Consequence of Error
- Extremely serious16%
- Very serious24%
- Fairly serious24%
- Not serious at all25%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Every day19%
- Once a month or more but not every week15%
- Once a year or more but not every month60%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- More than half the time23%
- About half the time29%
- Less than half the time20%
- Never18%
Written Letters and Memos
- Once a week or more but not every day29%
- Once a month or more but not every week19%
- Once a year or more but not every month21%
- Never22%
Public Speaking
- Every day15%
- Once a week or more but not every day18%
- Once a month or more but not every week17%
- Once a year or more but not every month12%
- Never38%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- More than half the time11%
- About half the time20%
- Less than half the time49%
- Never17%
Level of Competition
- Highly competitive11%
- Moderately competitive21%
- Slightly competitive50%
- Not at all competitive18%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day18%
- Once a year or more but not every month30%
- Never44%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Once a week or more but not every day17%
- Once a month or more but not every week28%
- Never47%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- More than half the time17%
- Less than half the time61%
- Never21%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Once a week or more but not every day25%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never57%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Every day14%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
- Never59%
Spend Time Sitting
- About half the time17%
- Less than half the time59%
- Never23%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Once a month or more but not every week21%
- Once a year or more but not every month25%
- Never48%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Once a month or more but not every week13%
- Once a year or more but not every month45%
- Never42%
Degree of Automation
- Slightly automated30%
- Not at all automated60%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Extremely important11%
- Fairly important19%
- Not important at all69%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Never71%
Work Schedules
- Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)22%
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)78%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
- Never67%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Once a year or more but not every month19%
- Never71%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Never82%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never86%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never89%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Never88%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Less than half the time12%
- Never88%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Never95%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never96%
Exposed to High Places
- Never91%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never100%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never100%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

High school diploma or equivalent
Post-secondary certificate
Associate’s degree or other 2-year degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Word processing software
Evernote, Google Docs, Microsoft Word
Point of sale POS software
ClubSoft Food & Beverage Point of Sale, Dinerware Intuitive Restaurant, Food Service Solutions POSitive ID System, Restaurant Manager
Analytical or scientific software
Aurora FoodPro, Culinary Software Services ChefTec, IPro Restaurant Inventory, Recipe & Menu Software, SweetWARE nutraCoster
Inventory management software
Army Food Management Information System, Food Service Solutions FoodCo, Gift Certificates Plus Giftworks
Accounting software
Food Services Solutions DayCap, Intuit QuickBooks
Data base user interface and query software
Database software, ValuSoft MasterCook
Project management software
Microsoft Project, ReServe Interactive
Calendar and scheduling software
espSoftware Employee Schedule Partner, iMagic Restaurant Reservation
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Electronic mail software
Microsoft Outlook
Enterprise resource planning ERP software
Microsoft Dynamics
Communications server software
IBM Domino
Desktop publishing software
SoftCafe MenuPro
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Cloud-based data access and sharing software
Google Drive
Financial analysis software
Delphi Technology
Object or component oriented development software
Apache Groovy
Human resources software
Oracle Taleo
Time accounting software
Aestiva Employee Time Clock
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Web page creation and editing software
Facebook

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Monitor activities of individuals to ensure safety or compliance with rules.
Provide basic information to guests, visitors, or clients.
Collect payments for goods or services.
Develop organizational policies or programs.
Maintain regulatory or compliance documentation.
Prepare staff schedules or work assignments.
Maintain operational records.
Manage inventories of products or organizational resources.
Resolve customer complaints or problems.
Manage organizational or project budgets.
Perform manual service or maintenance tasks.
Evaluate quality of materials or products.

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Manage guest services.
Schedule product or material transportation.
Evaluate employee performance.
Manage human resources activities.
Determine resource needs.
Estimate cost or material requirements.
Monitor organizational procedures to ensure proper functioning.
Recruit personnel.
Monitor organizational compliance with regulations.
Purchase materials, equipment, or other resources.
Analyze data to inform operational decisions or activities.
Recommend organizational process or policy changes.
Direct facility maintenance or repair activities.
Arrange services or reservations for patrons.
Schedule dining reservations.
Create new recipes or food presentations.
Plan menu options.
Negotiate sales or lease agreements for products or services.
Schedule activities or facility use.
Advise communities or institutions regarding health or safety issues.

Apprenticeship Occupations

Registered apprenticeship program titles associated with this occupation.

Manager, Food Service
Restaurant Manager (Existing Title: Manager, Food Service)

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology