First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers

Job Zone

Job Zone Three: Medium Preparation Needed

Most occupations in this zone require training in vocational schools, related on-the-job experience, or an associate's degree.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Assign tasks such as feeding and treatment of animals, and cleaning and maintenance of animal quarters.87
Record the numbers and types of fish or shellfish reared, harvested, released, sold, and shipped.87
Monitor workers to ensure that safety regulations are followed, warning or disciplining those who violate safety regulations.86
Observe animals for signs of illness, injury, or unusual behavior, notifying veterinarians or managers as warranted.85
Observe fish and beds or ponds to detect diseases, monitor fish growth, determine quality of fish, or determine completeness of harvesting.82
Train workers in tree felling or bucking, operation of tractors or loading machines, yarding or loading techniques, or safety regulations.82
Treat animal illnesses or injuries, following experience or instructions of veterinarians.81
Train workers in spawning, rearing, cultivating, and harvesting methods, and in the use of equipment.80
Train workers in techniques such as planting, harvesting, weeding, or insect identification and in the use of safety measures.77
Confer with managers to evaluate weather or soil conditions, to develop plans or procedures, or to discuss issues such as changes in fertilizers, herbicides, or cultivating techniques.76
Communicate with forestry personnel regarding forest harvesting or forest management plans, procedures, or schedules.76
Inspect crops, fields, or plant stock to determine conditions and need for cultivating, spraying, weeding, or harvesting.76

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Coordinate dismantling, moving, and setting up equipment at new work sites.75
Coordinate the selection and movement of logs from storage areas, according to transportation schedules or production requirements.75
Schedule work crews, equipment, or transportation for several different work locations.73
Drive or operate farm machinery, such as trucks, tractors, or self-propelled harvesters, to transport workers or supplies or to cultivate or harvest fields.72
Perform both supervisory and management functions, such as accounting, marketing, and personnel work.71
Transport or arrange for transport of animals, equipment, food, animal feed, and other supplies to and from work sites.69
Inspect buildings, fences, fields or ranges, supplies, and equipment to determine work to be performed.68
Read inventory records, customer orders, or shipping schedules to determine required activities.66
Inspect facilities to determine maintenance needs.65
Confer with managers to determine production requirements, conditions of equipment and supplies, and work schedules.65
Prepare and maintain time or payroll reports, as well as details of personnel actions, such as performance evaluations, hires, promotions, or disciplinary actions.64
Requisition or purchase supplies, such as insecticides, machine parts or lubricants, or tools.63
Monitor or oversee construction projects, such as horticultural buildings or irrigation systems.60
Issue equipment, such as farm implements, machinery, ladders, or containers to workers, and collect equipment when work is complete.59
Calculate or monitor budgets for maintenance or development of collections, grounds, or infrastructure.57
Direct or assist with the adjustment or repair of equipment or machinery.—
Monitor operations to identify and solve problems, improve work methods, and ensure compliance with safety, company, and government regulations.—
Plan work schedules according to personnel and equipment availability.—

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Coordination69
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Critical Thinking69
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Monitoring66
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Speaking66
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Management of Personnel Resources63
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Reading Comprehension63
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Time Management63
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Active Listening60
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Instructing60
Teaching others how to do something.
Operations Monitoring60
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Social Perceptiveness60
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Complex Problem Solving56
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

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Judgment and Decision Making56
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Learning Strategies56
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Quality Control Analysis53
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Writing53
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Active Learning50
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Negotiation50
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Operation and Control50
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Persuasion50
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Systems Analysis50
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation50
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Mathematics47
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Management of Financial Resources44
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Management of Material Resources44
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Troubleshooting44
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Service Orientation41
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Equipment Maintenance38
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Equipment Selection38
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Repairing31
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Science31
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Technology Design22
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Operations Analysis13
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Programming13
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Installation3
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Administration and Management72
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Production and Processing68
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Customer and Personal Service63
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
English Language61
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Mechanical60
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Education and Training58
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Biology56
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Food Production51
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Mathematics51
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Public Safety and Security49
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Transportation48
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Administrative46
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.

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Personnel and Human Resources46
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Psychology43
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Building and Construction42
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Computers and Electronics41
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Sales and Marketing41
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Engineering and Technology40
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Economics and Accounting39
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Chemistry38
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Law and Government37
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Geography32
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Physics32
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Design28
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Foreign Language25
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Telecommunications25
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Communications and Media24
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Sociology and Anthropology24
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Medicine and Dentistry15
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
Therapy and Counseling15
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Philosophy and Theology14
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
History and Archeology12
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Fine Arts3
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Oral Comprehension72
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Problem Sensitivity72
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Oral Expression69
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Near Vision63
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Speech Clarity63
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Speech Recognition63
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Category Flexibility60
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Deductive Reasoning60
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Far Vision60
The ability to see details at a distance.
Inductive Reasoning60
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Information Ordering60
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Arm-Hand Steadiness53
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.

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Written Comprehension53
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Written Expression53
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Control Precision50
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Flexibility of Closure50
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Fluency of Ideas50
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Manual Dexterity50
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Perceptual Speed50
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Visualization50
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Depth Perception47
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Multilimb Coordination47
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Time Sharing47
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Trunk Strength47
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Extent Flexibility44
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Finger Dexterity44
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Selective Attention44
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Speed of Closure44
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Static Strength44
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Visual Color Discrimination44
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Gross Body Coordination41
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Mathematical Reasoning41
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Number Facility41
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Originality41
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Rate Control41
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Reaction Time41
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Response Orientation41
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Stamina41
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Auditory Attention38
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Dynamic Strength38
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Hearing Sensitivity38
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Memorization38
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Spatial Orientation38
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Wrist-Finger Speed38
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Explosive Strength35
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Glare Sensitivity28
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Gross Body Equilibrium28
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Peripheral Vision28
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Sound Localization25
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Night Vision22
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Dynamic Flexibility16
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Speed of Limb Movement10
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates76
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Getting Information76
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems74
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials73
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others71
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings70
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment70
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events69
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work69
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Controlling Machines and Processes66
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People66
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates65
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.

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Handling and Moving Objects65
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Performing General Physical Activities65
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Scheduling Work and Activities65
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards64
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Processing Information63
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Documenting/Recording Information62
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships62
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment61
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information60
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge60
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources59
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Developing and Building Teams56
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Developing Objectives and Strategies56
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others56
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Coaching and Developing Others55
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Training and Teaching Others55
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Analyzing Data or Information52
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization51
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Thinking Creatively50
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Performing Administrative Activities49
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Working with Computers48
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others47
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others40
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment38
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Staffing Organizational Units38
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Assisting and Caring for Others37
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment35
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Selling or Influencing Others34
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public33
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Leadership Orientation100
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Dependability84
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Perseverance67
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Cooperation63
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Attention to Detail62
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Integrity58
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Self-Control55
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Achievement Orientation53
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Self-Confidence53
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Stress Tolerance48
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Social Orientation46
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Cautiousness43
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.

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Adaptability35
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Tolerance for Ambiguity35
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Optimism33
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Initiative32
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Humility29
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
Empathy26
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Sincerity21
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Intellectual Curiosity14
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Enterprising84
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Realistic76
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.
Conventional61
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Social32
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Investigative21
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Artistic0
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day82%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day69%
- Once a week or more but not every day25%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Every day71%
- Once a week or more but not every day16%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom56%
- Some freedom37%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others55%
- Contact with others most of the time31%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours66%
- 40 hours34%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Every day68%
- Once a week or more but not every day16%
- Never13%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility41%
- High responsibility47%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day65%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom41%
- Some freedom35%
- Limited freedom19%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important52%
- Very important25%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results48%
- Important results32%
- Minor results13%

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Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility39%
- High responsibility33%
- Moderate responsibility19%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important30%
- Very important40%
- Important25%
Time Pressure
- Every day40%
- Once a week or more but not every day22%
- Once a month or more but not every week28%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Every day31%
- Once a week or more but not every day33%
- Once a month or more but not every week27%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Every day41%
- Once a week or more but not every day22%
- Once a month or more but not every week24%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Every day41%
- Once a week or more but not every day15%
- Once a month or more but not every week29%
E-Mail
- Every day51%
- Once a week or more but not every day16%
- Never21%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important30%
- Very important25%
- Important26%
- Fairly important12%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually27%
- More than half the time28%
- About half the time21%
- Less than half the time21%
Consequence of Error
- Extremely serious34%
- Very serious15%
- Serious23%
- Fairly serious18%
- Not serious at all11%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day32%
- Once a week or more but not every day31%
- Never23%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day21%
- Once a week or more but not every day33%
- Once a month or more but not every week15%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never16%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important19%
- Very important30%
- Important22%
- Fairly important12%
- Not important at all17%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Every day29%
- Once a week or more but not every day21%
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Never24%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Every day25%
- Once a week or more but not every day25%
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Never22%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Every day24%
- Once a week or more but not every day21%
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Once a year or more but not every month28%
Spend Time Standing
- More than half the time25%
- About half the time45%
- Less than half the time20%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Every day30%
- Once a week or more but not every day23%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
- Never26%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Every day23%
- Once a week or more but not every day28%
- Once a month or more but not every week13%
- Never28%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- Continually or almost continually12%
- More than half the time25%
- About half the time22%
- Less than half the time36%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important14%
- Very important12%
- Important43%
- Fairly important19%
- Not important at all12%
Level of Competition
- Extremely competitive12%
- Highly competitive29%
- Moderately competitive17%
- Slightly competitive24%
- Not at all competitive18%
Physical Proximity
- Moderately close (at arm's length)25%
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)28%
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)24%
- I don't work near other people (beyond 100 ft.)15%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Continually or almost continually12%
- More than half the time16%
- About half the time21%
- Less than half the time46%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Continually or almost continually12%
- More than half the time18%
- About half the time17%
- Less than half the time51%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day17%
- Once a week or more but not every day17%
- Once a month or more but not every week25%
- Once a year or more but not every month16%
- Never25%
Conflict Situations
- Once a week or more but not every day29%
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Once a year or more but not every month32%
- Never16%
Spend Time Sitting
- About half the time34%
- Less than half the time42%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a month or more but not every week32%
- Once a year or more but not every month37%
- Never15%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Extremely important21%
- Very important11%
- Important14%
- Not important at all46%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Once a week or more but not every day24%
- Once a month or more but not every week17%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never37%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Once a week or more but not every day14%
- Once a month or more but not every week15%
- Once a year or more but not every month33%
- Never30%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Once a month or more but not every week26%
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never34%
Exposed to High Places
- Once a week or more but not every day14%
- Once a month or more but not every week21%
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never39%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Every day11%
- Once a month or more but not every week11%
- Once a year or more but not every month31%
- Never39%
Degree of Automation
- Moderately automated26%
- Slightly automated36%
- Not at all automated28%
Public Speaking
- Once a week or more but not every day14%
- Once a month or more but not every week19%
- Once a year or more but not every month25%
- Never39%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- About half the time11%
- Less than half the time57%
- Never24%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Once a week or more but not every day11%
- Once a month or more but not every week16%
- Once a year or more but not every month11%
- Never55%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time35%
- Never43%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Less than half the time59%
- Never32%
Work Schedules
- Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)34%
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)63%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Never79%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Once a year or more but not every month19%
- Never73%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never87%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree
High school diploma or equivalent
Post-secondary certificate

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Data base user interface and query software
Cattlesoft CattleMax, Database software, Lion Edge Technologies Ranch Manager, Valley Agricultural Software DairyCOMP 305
Accounting software
BCS Woodlands Software The Logger Tracker, Sage 50 Accounting
Calendar and scheduling software
Employee scheduling software, Work scheduling software
Inventory management software
Landmark Sales LOG-istics, TradeTec Computer Systems TallyWorks Logs
Electronic mail software
Microsoft Outlook
Expert system software
Valley Agricultural Software Feed Watch
Enterprise resource planning ERP software
Midwest MicroSystems Cow Sense
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Word processing software
Microsoft Word
Time accounting software
Payroll software
Internet browser software
Web browser software
Map creation software
Mapping software
Project management software
Atlassian Confluence

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Assign duties or work schedules to employees.
Record agricultural or forestry inventory data.
Inspect products or operations to ensure that standards are met.
Monitor animal behavior or condition.
Train workers in farming, forestry, or hunting techniques.
Treat animal injuries or illnesses.
Confer with managers to make operational decisions.
Communicate with other workers to coordinate activities.
Evaluate quality of plants or crops.
Coordinate forestry or agricultural activities.
Schedule agricultural or forestry work.
Operate farming equipment.

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Direct activities of agricultural, forestry, or fishery employees.
Transport animals, crops, or equipment.
Inspect equipment or facilities to determine condition or maintenance needs.
Monitor organizational processes.
Maintain personnel records.
Maintain inventories of materials, equipment, or products.
Monitor financial activities.
Direct technical activities or operations.
Maintain forestry, hunting, or agricultural equipment.
Monitor operational quality or safety.

Apprenticeship Occupations

Registered apprenticeship program titles associated with this occupation.

Bison Herd Manager

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology