Word Processors and Typists

Job Zone

Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed

Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

File and store completed documents on computer hard drive or disk, or maintain a computer filing system to store, retrieve, update, and delete documents.88
Transmit work electronically to other locations.88
Compute and verify totals on report forms, requisitions, or bills, using adding machine or calculator.83
Perform other clerical duties, such as answering telephone, sorting and distributing mail, running errands or sending faxes.82
Electronically sort and compile text and numerical data, retrieving, updating, and merging documents as required.82
Check completed work for spelling, grammar, punctuation, and format.82
Print and make copies of work.81
Search for specific sets of stored, typed characters to make changes.80
Address envelopes or prepare envelope labels, using typewriter or computer.79
Collate pages of reports and other documents.78
Reformat documents, moving paragraphs or columns.77
Type correspondence, reports, text and other written material from rough drafts, corrected copies, voice recordings, dictation, or previous versions, using a computer, word processor, or typewriter.75

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Keep records of work performed.75
Manage schedules and set dates, times, and locations for meetings and appointments.74
Adjust settings for format, page layout, line spacing, and other style requirements.74
Use data entry devices, such as optical scanners, to input data into computers for revision or editing.73
Operate and resupply printers and computers, changing print wheels or fluid cartridges, adding paper, and loading blank tapes, cards, or disks into equipment.69
Gather, register, and arrange the material to be typed, following instructions.67
Work with technical material, preparing statistical reports, planning and typing statistical tables, and combining and rearranging material from different sources.60

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Reading Comprehension69
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Active Listening60
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Writing56
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Monitoring50
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Speaking50
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Critical Thinking47
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Time Management47
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Social Perceptiveness41
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Coordination38
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Service Orientation38
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Quality Control Analysis31
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Active Learning28
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.

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Judgment and Decision Making28
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Mathematics28
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Complex Problem Solving25
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Persuasion25
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Instructing22
Teaching others how to do something.
Learning Strategies22
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Management of Personnel Resources22
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Systems Analysis22
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation22
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Negotiation19
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Operations Monitoring19
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Management of Material Resources13
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Operation and Control13
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Operations Analysis13
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Technology Design13
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Management of Financial Resources10
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Programming10
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Equipment Maintenance6
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Troubleshooting6
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Equipment Selection3
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
Repairing0
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Science0
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

English Language91
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Administrative88
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Customer and Personal Service76
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Computers and Electronics63
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Law and Government59
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Administration and Management54
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Public Safety and Security44
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Communications and Media43
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Mathematics41
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Telecommunications39
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Economics and Accounting38
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Personnel and Human Resources29
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.

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Education and Training28
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Psychology24
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Sociology and Anthropology23
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Transportation21
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Therapy and Counseling20
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Foreign Language15
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Production and Processing13
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Mechanical9
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Philosophy and Theology9
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Geography7
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Chemistry6
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Engineering and Technology5
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Food Production5
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Design4
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Medicine and Dentistry3
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
Sales and Marketing2
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Building and Construction1
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
History and Archeology1
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Biology0
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Fine Arts0
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
Physics0
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Near Vision75
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Written Comprehension72
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Wrist-Finger Speed60
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Oral Comprehension56
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Speech Recognition56
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Written Expression56
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Information Ordering53
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Oral Expression53
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Deductive Reasoning50
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Perceptual Speed50
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Category Flexibility47
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Problem Sensitivity47
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.

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Selective Attention47
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Speech Clarity47
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Finger Dexterity44
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Inductive Reasoning44
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Visualization38
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Far Vision35
The ability to see details at a distance.
Time Sharing35
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Flexibility of Closure31
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Speed of Closure31
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Auditory Attention28
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Memorization28
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Trunk Strength28
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Fluency of Ideas25
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Manual Dexterity25
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Mathematical Reasoning25
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Number Facility25
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Arm-Hand Steadiness22
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Control Precision19
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Originality19
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Visual Color Discrimination19
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Hearing Sensitivity13
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Depth Perception6
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Dynamic Strength6
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Multilimb Coordination6
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Extent Flexibility3
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Gross Body Coordination3
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Night Vision3
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Response Orientation3
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Explosive Strength0
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Glare Sensitivity0
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Gross Body Equilibrium0
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Peripheral Vision0
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Rate Control0
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Reaction Time0
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Sound Localization0
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Spatial Orientation0
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Speed of Limb Movement0
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Stamina0
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Static Strength0
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Working with Computers92
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Performing Administrative Activities90
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Documenting/Recording Information89
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates87
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization85
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Getting Information85
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Processing Information83
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships79
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work77
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events73
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards68
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public64
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.

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Making Decisions and Solving Problems62
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Analyzing Data or Information61
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings59
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge59
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others46
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Coaching and Developing Others45
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others45
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Assisting and Caring for Others44
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Scheduling Work and Activities42
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Thinking Creatively42
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Training and Teaching Others40
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People37
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others36
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Developing Objectives and Strategies36
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Developing and Building Teams35
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials31
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others31
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Handling and Moving Objects28
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information26
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Performing General Physical Activities22
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Selling or Influencing Others20
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment18
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates17
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources17
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Staffing Organizational Units17
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Controlling Machines and Processes14
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment7
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment1
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment0
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Attention to Detail92
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Dependability79
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Integrity45
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Cautiousness43
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Cooperation23
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Achievement Orientation20
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Self-Control17
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Stress Tolerance16
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Perseverance15
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Initiative5
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Sincerity4
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Self-Confidence3
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.

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Adaptability0
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Conventional93
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Realistic31
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.
Artistic21
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.
Social21
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Investigative16
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Enterprising14
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day99%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day94%
E-Mail
- Every day94%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others69%
- Contact with others most of the time25%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day77%
- Once a month or more but not every week12%
Spend Time Sitting
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important70%
- Very important20%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important62%
- Very important18%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important46%
- Very important33%
- Important16%
Frequency of Decision Making

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Time Pressure
- Every day21%
- Once a week or more but not every day63%
- Once a month or more but not every week13%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important40%
- Very important33%
- Fairly important16%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom26%
- Some freedom43%
- Limited freedom27%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day58%
- Once a month or more but not every week14%
- Never18%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important30%
- Important26%
Conflict Situations
- Every day32%
- Once a month or more but not every week13%
- Once a year or more but not every month21%
Duration of Typical Work Week
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility27%
- High responsibility36%
- Limited responsibility16%
- No responsibility20%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day23%
- Once a month or more but not every week32%
- Never15%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a week or more but not every day60%
- Once a month or more but not every week23%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility36%
- High responsibility19%
- Limited responsibility19%
- No responsibility23%
Physical Proximity
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)30%
Consequence of Error
- Serious32%
- Fairly serious14%
- Not serious at all22%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- Continually or almost continually12%
- More than half the time24%
- Less than half the time12%
Degree of Automation
- Highly automated17%
- Not at all automated12%
Level of Competition
- Slightly competitive18%
- Not at all competitive45%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually22%
- Never64%
Spend Time Standing
- Less than half the time76%
- Never20%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Less than half the time76%
- Never20%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Once a year or more but not every month12%
- Never76%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
Public Speaking
- Never79%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
- Never61%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Fairly important12%
- Not important at all79%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Less than half the time13%
- Never75%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Never84%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Never89%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time11%
- Never89%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never94%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never96%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Never91%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never96%
Exposed to High Places
- Never98%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Never98%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never96%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Never98%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Never98%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never100%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Never100%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Never100%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never100%
Work Schedules
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

High school diploma or equivalent
Bachelor’s degree
Post-secondary certificate

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Office suite software
Corel WordPerfect Office Suite, Google Workspace software, Microsoft Office software
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Customer relationship management CRM software
Act!, Blackbaud CRM, Oracle Siebel CRM
Electronic mail software
IBM Notes, Microsoft Outlook
Document management software
Adobe Acrobat, Microsoft SharePoint
Enterprise resource planning ERP software
Oracle PeopleSoft, SAP software
Data base user interface and query software
FileMaker Pro, Microsoft Access
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Medical software
SRSsoft SRS EHR
Accounting software
Intuit QuickBooks
Desktop publishing software
Microsoft Publisher
Word processing software
Microsoft Word
Process mapping and design software
Microsoft Visio

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

American Society of Administrative Professionals

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Operate computers or computerized equipment.
Store records or related materials.
Calculate financial data.
Verify accuracy of financial or transactional data.
Compile data or documentation.
Format digital documents, data, or images.
Answer telephones to direct calls or provide information.
Distribute incoming mail.
Proofread documents, records, or other files to ensure accuracy.
Sort mail.
Operate office equipment.
Search files, databases or reference materials to obtain needed information.

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Type documents.
Maintain operational records.
Schedule appointments.
Enter information into databases or software programs.
Maintain office equipment in proper operating condition.
Prepare research or technical reports.

Apprenticeship Occupations

Registered apprenticeship program titles associated with this occupation.

Information Management (Word Processing)
Telegraphic-Typewriter Oper

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology