Social and human service assistants

Job Zone

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Assess clients' cognitive abilities and physical and emotional needs to determine appropriate interventions.84
Develop and implement behavioral management and care plans for clients.79
Oversee day-to-day group activities of residents in institution.78
Keep records or prepare reports for owner or management concerning visits with clients.75
Visit individuals in homes or attend group meetings to provide information on agency services, requirements, or procedures.74
Submit reports and review reports or problems with superior.74
Assist in locating housing for displaced individuals.70
Interview individuals or family members to compile information on social, educational, criminal, institutional, or drug history.69
Provide information or refer individuals to public or private agencies or community services for assistance.66
Consult with supervisor concerning programs for individual families.63
Advise clients regarding food stamps, child care, food, money management, sanitation, or housekeeping.60
Demonstrate use and care of equipment for tenant use.59

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Assist in planning food budgets, using charts or sample budgets.54
Assist clients with preparation of forms, such as tax or rent forms.51
Explain rules established by owner or management, such as sanitation or maintenance requirements or parking regulations.51
Observe clients' food selections and recommend alternate economical and nutritional food choices.48
Observe and discuss meal preparation and suggest alternate methods of food preparation.47
Transport and accompany clients to shopping areas or to appointments, using automobile.46
Inform tenants of facilities, such as laundries or playgrounds.40
Teach parenting techniques to family members.—

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Active Listening75
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Social Perceptiveness75
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Speaking75
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Service Orientation72
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Coordination69
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Reading Comprehension69
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Critical Thinking66
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Monitoring66
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Writing66
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Persuasion60
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Active Learning56
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Complex Problem Solving56
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

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Judgment and Decision Making56
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Negotiation50
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Time Management50
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Instructing47
Teaching others how to do something.
Learning Strategies47
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Systems Evaluation47
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Systems Analysis44
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Management of Personnel Resources31
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Management of Financial Resources25
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Management of Material Resources25
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Mathematics25
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Operation and Control25
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Operations Analysis25
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Operations Monitoring25
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Quality Control Analysis22
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Science19
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Technology Design19
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Programming16
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Troubleshooting3
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Equipment Maintenance0
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Equipment Selection0
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
Repairing0
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Customer and Personal Service87
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Psychology82
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Therapy and Counseling74
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
English Language69
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Administrative59
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Sociology and Anthropology57
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Computers and Electronics55
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Education and Training54
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Law and Government46
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Philosophy and Theology40
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Public Safety and Security38
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Medicine and Dentistry33
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.

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Administration and Management28
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Mathematics28
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Communications and Media21
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Telecommunications21
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Foreign Language20
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Personnel and Human Resources20
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Transportation17
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Economics and Accounting13
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Chemistry11
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Sales and Marketing11
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Geography10
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Production and Processing9
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Biology6
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Fine Arts5
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
Engineering and Technology3
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Mechanical3
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
History and Archeology2
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Building and Construction1
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Design1
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Food Production1
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Physics0
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Oral Expression75
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Deductive Reasoning72
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Oral Comprehension72
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Problem Sensitivity72
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Speech Clarity72
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Written Comprehension72
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Written Expression72
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Speech Recognition66
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Fluency of Ideas56
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Inductive Reasoning56
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Near Vision56
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Category Flexibility50
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.

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Flexibility of Closure50
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Information Ordering50
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Originality50
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Selective Attention50
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Far Vision44
The ability to see details at a distance.
Memorization44
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Perceptual Speed44
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Speed of Closure44
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Time Sharing44
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Auditory Attention31
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Visualization28
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Depth Perception25
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Hearing Sensitivity25
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Mathematical Reasoning25
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Multilimb Coordination25
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Number Facility25
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Trunk Strength25
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Visual Color Discrimination25
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Dynamic Strength22
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Extent Flexibility22
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Stamina22
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Static Strength22
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Explosive Strength19
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Finger Dexterity19
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Gross Body Coordination19
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Gross Body Equilibrium19
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Control Precision16
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Spatial Orientation16
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Arm-Hand Steadiness13
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Manual Dexterity13
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Reaction Time13
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Response Orientation13
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Glare Sensitivity10
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Peripheral Vision10
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Night Vision6
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Rate Control6
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Wrist-Finger Speed6
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Sound Localization0
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Speed of Limb Movement0
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates94
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Documenting/Recording Information88
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Getting Information82
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public77
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Assisting and Caring for Others76
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships76
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Working with Computers75
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization71
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems68
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge68
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events67
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Thinking Creatively67
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.

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Performing Administrative Activities66
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others66
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work65
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Training and Teaching Others65
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Coaching and Developing Others64
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Developing and Building Teams64
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Developing Objectives and Strategies64
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People62
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others62
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards61
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings61
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others59
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Scheduling Work and Activities59
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others58
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Processing Information57
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information49
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Analyzing Data or Information47
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Performing General Physical Activities39
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials36
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates35
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources35
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Staffing Organizational Units32
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Selling or Influencing Others29
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Handling and Moving Objects25
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment24
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Controlling Machines and Processes16
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment11
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment8
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment7
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Empathy100
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Cooperation87
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Dependability86
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Social Orientation78
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Sincerity77
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Optimism74
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Integrity72
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Self-Control65
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Stress Tolerance63
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Attention to Detail62
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Perseverance55
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Adaptability50
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.

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Initiative49
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Humility48
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
Cautiousness46
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Self-Confidence39
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Tolerance for Ambiguity39
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Achievement Orientation31
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Innovation28
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Intellectual Curiosity27
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Leadership Orientation20
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Social85
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Conventional60
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Enterprising44
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Investigative30
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Artistic16
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.
Realistic5
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day98%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others88%
- Contact with others most of the time12%
E-Mail
- Every day81%
- Once a week or more but not every day18%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day82%
- Once a week or more but not every day15%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important71%
- Very important20%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important64%
- Very important21%
- Important14%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day53%
- Once a week or more but not every day31%
- Once a month or more but not every week15%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important46%
- Very important46%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day80%
- Never20%
Time Pressure
- Every day51%
- Once a week or more but not every day31%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom36%
- Some freedom36%
- Limited freedom27%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important26%
- Very important57%
- Important17%

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Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom40%
- Some freedom30%
- Limited freedom14%
- Very little freedom15%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility40%
- High responsibility22%
- Moderate responsibility23%
- Limited responsibility11%
Conflict Situations
- Every day23%
- Once a week or more but not every day45%
- Once a month or more but not every week23%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day46%
- Once a week or more but not every day20%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never12%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results27%
- Important results35%
- Moderate results27%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Every day21%
- Once a week or more but not every day27%
- Once a month or more but not every week39%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day36%
- Once a week or more but not every day29%
- Never29%
Physical Proximity
- Very close (near touching)14%
- Moderately close (at arm's length)40%
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)20%
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)25%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important16%
- Very important45%
- Important18%
- Not important at all14%
Spend Time Sitting
- Continually or almost continually17%
- More than half the time29%
- About half the time29%
- Less than half the time24%
Public Speaking
- Once a week or more but not every day43%
- Once a month or more but not every week30%
- Never15%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility27%
- High responsibility13%
- Moderate responsibility19%
- Limited responsibility26%
- No responsibility14%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Every day32%
- Once a week or more but not every day11%
- Once a month or more but not every week14%
- Once a year or more but not every month21%
- Never21%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- Continually or almost continually12%
- More than half the time34%
- About half the time13%
- Less than half the time16%
- Never24%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Every day44%
- Never48%
Consequence of Error
- Very serious14%
- Serious28%
- Fairly serious34%
- Not serious at all15%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Every day17%
- Once a week or more but not every day24%
- Never41%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours16%
- 40 hours50%
- Less than 40 hours34%
Level of Competition
- Highly competitive22%
- Moderately competitive34%
- Slightly competitive18%
- Not at all competitive25%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Every day21%
- Once a year or more but not every month18%
- Never46%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- About half the time17%
- Less than half the time59%
Spend Time Standing
- About half the time23%
- Less than half the time72%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Every day14%
- Once a week or more but not every day15%
- Once a year or more but not every month18%
- Never48%
Degree of Automation
- Highly automated13%
- Moderately automated18%
- Slightly automated20%
- Not at all automated42%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Once a month or more but not every week23%
- Once a year or more but not every month53%
- Never17%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually19%
- Never61%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Every day14%
- Once a month or more but not every week13%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
- Never61%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never56%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Less than half the time31%
- Never52%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Every day15%
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
- Never60%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Once a year or more but not every month20%
- Never60%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time30%
- Never59%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Less than half the time26%
- Never64%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Never79%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Once a year or more but not every month29%
- Never64%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Important18%
- Not important at all72%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never86%
Work Schedules
- Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)16%
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)84%
Exposed to High Places
- Never86%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never99%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never99%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never99%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never100%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never100%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Never100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree
Associate’s degree or other 2-year degree
Some college, no degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Medical software
Electronic medical record EMR software, MEDITECH software, PointClickCare healthcare software
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Data base user interface and query software
Database software, Microsoft Access
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Electronic mail software
Microsoft Outlook
Voice recognition software
Nuance Dragon NaturallySpeaking
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Word processing software
Microsoft Word
Internet browser software
Web browser software

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Conduct diagnostic tests to determine patient health.
Examine patients to assess general physical condition.
Develop treatment plans for patients or clients.
Monitor activities of individuals to ensure safety or compliance with rules.
Write reports or evaluations.
Maintain social services program records.
Visit individuals in their homes to provide support or information.
Help clients get needed services or resources.
Interview clients to gather information about their backgrounds, needs, or progress.
Present social services program information to the public.
Refer clients to community or social service programs.
Collaborate with other professionals to assess client needs or plan treatments.

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Teach life skills or strategies to clients or their families.
Demonstrate activity techniques or equipment use.
Assist clients in handling details of daily life.
Explain regulations, policies, or procedures.
Advise clients or community groups on health issues.
Monitor nutrition related activities of individuals or groups.
Transport clients to appointments.
Provide basic information to guests, visitors, or clients.

Apprenticeship Occupations

Registered apprenticeship program titles associated with this occupation.

Child and Youth Care Practitioner
Direct Support Specialist
Peer Specialist
Social Services Assistant (Nof)
Youth Development Practitioner

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology