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Sales Representatives, Services, All Other

Job Zone
Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

  • Consult with clients after sales or contract signings to resolve problems and provide ongoing support.85
  • Answer customers' questions about services, prices, availability, or credit terms.84
  • Develop sales presentations or proposals to explain service specifications.84
  • Create forms or agreements to complete sales.81
  • Contact prospective or existing customers to discuss how services can meet their needs.81
  • Negotiate prices or terms of sales or service agreements.80
  • Quote prices, credit terms, contract terms, or fulfillment dates for services.76
  • Maintain customer records using automated systems.76
  • Identify prospective customers using business directories, leads from clients, or information from conferences or trade shows.75
  • Inform customers of contracts or other information pertaining to purchased services.74
  • Emphasize or recommend service features based on knowledge of customers' needs and vendor capabilities and limitations.74
  • Compute and compare costs of services.73
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  • Distribute promotional materials at meetings, conferences, or trade shows.69
  • Attend sales or trade meetings or read related publications to obtain information about market conditions, business trends, regulations, or industry developments.68
  • Monitor market conditions, innovations, and competitors' services, prices, and sales.64

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

  • Active Listening72

    Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.

  • Speaking72

    Talking to others to convey information effectively.

  • Reading Comprehension66

    Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.

  • Active Learning60

    Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.

  • Critical Thinking60

    Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.

  • Negotiation60

    Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.

  • Persuasion60

    Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.

  • Service Orientation60

    Actively looking for ways to help people.

  • Social Perceptiveness60

    Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.

  • Time Management60

    Managing one's own time and the time of others.

  • Writing60

    Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.

  • Monitoring53

    Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.

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  • Complex Problem Solving50

    Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

  • Judgment and Decision Making50

    Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.

  • Coordination47

    Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.

  • Systems Analysis47

    Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.

  • Systems Evaluation44

    Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.

  • Instructing41

    Teaching others how to do something.

  • Mathematics41

    Using mathematics to solve problems.

  • Learning Strategies35

    Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.

  • Management of Personnel Resources35

    Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.

  • Management of Financial Resources25

    Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.

  • Management of Material Resources22

    Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.

  • Operations Monitoring16

    Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.

  • Programming16

    Writing computer programs for various purposes.

  • Technology Design13

    Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.

  • Operations Analysis3

    Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.

  • Equipment Maintenance0

    Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.

  • Equipment Selection0

    Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.

  • Installation0

    Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

  • Operation and Control0

    Controlling operations of equipment or systems.

  • Quality Control Analysis0

    Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.

  • Repairing0

    Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

  • Science0

    Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

  • Troubleshooting0

    Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

  • Customer and Personal Service91

    Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.

  • English Language81

    Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.

  • Administrative67

    Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.

  • Sales and Marketing63

    Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.

  • Administration and Management62

    Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.

  • Computers and Electronics54

    Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.

  • Mathematics48

    Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.

  • Law and Government41

    Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.

  • Communications and Media35

    Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.

  • Education and Training35

    Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.

  • Personnel and Human Resources31

    Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.

  • Economics and Accounting30

    Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.

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  • Engineering and Technology26

    Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.

  • Psychology25

    Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.

  • Public Safety and Security23

    Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.

  • Production and Processing21

    Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.

  • Telecommunications20

    Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.

  • Design17

    Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.

  • Sociology and Anthropology17

    Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.

  • Transportation16

    Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.

  • Mechanical14

    Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.

  • Geography13

    Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.

  • Building and Construction11

    Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.

  • Chemistry11

    Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.

  • Physics9

    Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

  • Food Production8

    Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.

  • Medicine and Dentistry8

    Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.

  • Philosophy and Theology8

    Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.

  • Foreign Language4

    Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.

  • Therapy and Counseling4

    Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.

  • History and Archeology3

    Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.

  • Fine Arts2

    Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

  • Biology1

    Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

  • Oral Comprehension72

    The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.

  • Oral Expression69

    The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.

  • Speech Clarity69

    The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.

  • Written Comprehension69

    The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.

  • Speech Recognition66

    The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.

  • Near Vision60

    The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).

  • Written Expression60

    The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.

  • Category Flexibility56

    The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.

  • Inductive Reasoning56

    The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).

  • Information Ordering56

    The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).

  • Deductive Reasoning53

    The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.

  • Fluency of Ideas53

    The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).

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  • Problem Sensitivity53

    The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.

  • Selective Attention50

    The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.

  • Far Vision47

    The ability to see details at a distance.

  • Originality47

    The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.

  • Speed of Closure44

    The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.

  • Mathematical Reasoning41

    The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.

  • Number Facility41

    The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.

  • Flexibility of Closure38

    The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.

  • Memorization35

    The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.

  • Perceptual Speed35

    The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.

  • Time Sharing35

    The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).

  • Auditory Attention25

    The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.

  • Trunk Strength25

    The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.

  • Visual Color Discrimination25

    The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.

  • Visualization25

    The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.

  • Hearing Sensitivity19

    The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.

  • Wrist-Finger Speed19

    The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.

  • Arm-Hand Steadiness16

    The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.

  • Control Precision16

    The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.

  • Finger Dexterity16

    The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.

  • Manual Dexterity16

    The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.

  • Dynamic Strength13

    The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.

  • Depth Perception10

    The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.

  • Glare Sensitivity3

    The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.

  • Peripheral Vision3

    The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.

  • Spatial Orientation3

    The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.

  • Dynamic Flexibility0

    The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.

  • Explosive Strength0

    The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.

  • Extent Flexibility0

    The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.

  • Gross Body Coordination0

    The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.

  • Gross Body Equilibrium0

    The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.

  • Multilimb Coordination0

    The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.

  • Night Vision0

    The ability to see under low-light conditions.

  • Rate Control0

    The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.

  • Reaction Time0

    The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.

  • Response Orientation0

    The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.

  • Sound Localization0

    The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

  • Speed of Limb Movement0

    The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.

  • Stamina0

    The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.

  • Static Strength0

    The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

  • Communicating with People Outside the Organization95

    Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.

  • Selling or Influencing Others93

    Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.

  • Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships92

    Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.

  • Getting Information88

    Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.

  • Thinking Creatively83

    Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.

  • Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge82

    Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.

  • Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events80

    Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.

  • Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work79

    Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.

  • Processing Information76

    Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.

  • Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others76

    Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.

  • Scheduling Work and Activities75

    Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.

  • Analyzing Data or Information74

    Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.

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  • Working with Computers73

    Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.

  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates72

    Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.

  • Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others71

    Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.

  • Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information69

    Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.

  • Making Decisions and Solving Problems69

    Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.

  • Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People65

    Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.

  • Developing Objectives and Strategies62

    Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.

  • Providing Consultation and Advice to Others61

    Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.

  • Documenting/Recording Information58

    Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.

  • Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards58

    Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.

  • Performing for or Working Directly with the Public54

    Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.

  • Performing Administrative Activities47

    Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.

  • Assisting and Caring for Others45

    Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.

  • Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings45

    Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.

  • Coaching and Developing Others39

    Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.

  • Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others39

    Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.

  • Developing and Building Teams38

    Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.

  • Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates38

    Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.

  • Training and Teaching Others36

    Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.

  • Monitoring and Controlling Resources29

    Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.

  • Performing General Physical Activities27

    Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.

  • Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials26

    Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.

  • Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment21

    Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.

  • Controlling Machines and Processes19

    Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).

  • Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment18

    Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.

  • Handling and Moving Objects15

    Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.

  • Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment8

    Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

  • Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment4

    Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.

  • Staffing Organizational Units4

    Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

  • Perseverance100

    A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.

  • Social Orientation94

    A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.

  • Achievement Orientation81

    A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.

  • Self-Confidence73

    A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.

  • Dependability69

    A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.

  • Optimism66

    A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.

  • Initiative65

    A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.

  • Adaptability57

    A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.

  • Self-Control55

    A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.

  • Stress Tolerance54

    A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.

  • Cooperation53

    A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.

  • Empathy53

    A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.

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  • Tolerance for Ambiguity52

    A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

  • Leadership Orientation49

    A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

  • Attention to Detail48

    A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.

  • Integrity48

    A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.

  • Innovation42

    A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.

  • Intellectual Curiosity38

    A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.

  • Sincerity35

    A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

  • Enterprising96

    Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.

  • Conventional68

    Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.

  • Social46

    Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.

  • Investigative16

    Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.

  • Artistic8

    Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

  • Realistic1

    Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

  • Contact With Others

    • Constant contact with others97%
  • E-Mail

    • Every day88%
  • Telephone Conversations

    • Every day89%
  • Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team

    • Extremely important70%
    • Very important19%
    • Important11%
  • Deal With External Customers or the Public in General

    • Extremely important67%
    • Very important16%
  • Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams

    • Every day70%
    • Once a week or more but not every day16%
  • Indoors, Environmentally Controlled

    • Every day82%
  • Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities

    • Extremely important55%
    • Very important13%
    • Important31%
  • Importance of Being Exact or Accurate

    • Extremely important38%
    • Very important52%
  • Spend Time Sitting

    • Continually or almost continually60%
    • About half the time33%
  • Frequency of Decision Making

    • Every day55%
    • Once a week or more but not every day20%
    • Once a year or more but not every month17%
  • Freedom to Make Decisions

    • A lot of freedom35%
    • Some freedom41%
    • Limited freedom22%
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  • Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals

    • A lot of freedom40%
    • Some freedom28%
    • Limited freedom23%
  • Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results

    • Very important results31%
    • Important results42%
    • Moderate results17%
  • Importance of Repeating Same Tasks

    • Extremely important43%
    • Very important13%
    • Important14%
    • Fairly important29%
  • Conflict Situations

    • Once a week or more but not every day48%
    • Once a month or more but not every week31%
    • Once a year or more but not every month15%
  • Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People

    • Once a week or more but not every day39%
    • Once a month or more but not every week35%
    • Once a year or more but not every month19%
  • Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers

    • Very high responsibility24%
    • High responsibility32%
    • Limited responsibility19%
    • No responsibility15%
  • Duration of Typical Work Week

    • More than 40 hours16%
    • 40 hours82%
  • Time Pressure

    • Once a week or more but not every day43%
    • Once a month or more but not every week41%
  • Written Letters and Memos

    • Every day17%
    • Once a week or more but not every day28%
    • Once a month or more but not every week26%
    • Once a year or more but not every month18%
  • Level of Competition

    • Extremely competitive11%
    • Highly competitive22%
    • Moderately competitive43%
    • Slightly competitive16%
  • Physical Proximity

    • Very close (near touching)15%
    • Moderately close (at arm's length)28%
    • Slightly close (e.g., shared office)18%
    • I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)21%
    • I don't work near other people (beyond 100 ft.)18%
  • Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions

    • Continually or almost continually11%
    • More than half the time43%
    • Never34%
  • Health and Safety of Other Workers

    • Very high responsibility21%
    • Moderate responsibility33%
    • Limited responsibility33%
    • No responsibility14%
  • Consequence of Error

    • Very serious29%
    • Serious23%
    • Fairly serious35%
    • Not serious at all12%
  • Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls

    • Continually or almost continually34%
    • Less than half the time19%
    • Never43%
  • Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions

    • Every day19%
    • Once a year or more but not every month41%
    • Never29%
  • Spend Time Standing

    • About half the time32%
    • Less than half the time65%
  • Degree of Automation

    • Highly automated14%
    • Slightly automated39%
    • Not at all automated32%
  • Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable

    • Once a month or more but not every week17%
    • Once a year or more but not every month44%
    • Never30%
  • Spend Time Walking or Running

    • About half the time14%
    • Less than half the time57%
    • Never23%
  • Outdoors, Under Cover

    • Every day13%
    • Once a year or more but not every month38%
    • Never43%
  • In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment

    • Every day12%
    • Once a month or more but not every week18%
    • Never60%
  • Public Speaking

    • Once a month or more but not every week19%
    • Once a year or more but not every month34%
    • Never44%
  • Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets

    • Once a year or more but not every month38%
    • Never54%
  • Exposed to Contaminants

    • Once a year or more but not every month38%
    • Never57%
  • Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled

    • Once a year or more but not every month29%
    • Never58%
  • Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance

    • Less than half the time32%
    • Never56%
  • Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body

    • Less than half the time45%
    • Never53%
  • Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures

    • Once a year or more but not every month26%
    • Never69%
  • Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling

    • Less than half the time28%
    • Never70%
  • Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People

    • Once a year or more but not every month23%
    • Never75%
  • Exposed to Hazardous Conditions

    • Never92%
  • Exposed to Hazardous Equipment

    • Once a year or more but not every month14%
    • Never84%
  • Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment

    • Not important at all86%
  • Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions

    • Once a year or more but not every month15%
    • Never84%
  • Exposed to Disease or Infections

    • Once a year or more but not every month15%
    • Never85%
  • Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions

    • Never90%
  • Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings

    • Never96%
  • Exposed to High Places

    • Never92%
  • In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment

    • Never98%
  • Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection

    • Never98%
  • Work Schedules

    • Regular (established routine, set schedule)98%
  • Exposed to Radiation

    • Never100%
  • Exposed to Whole Body Vibration

    • Never100%
  • Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles

    • Never100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

  • Bachelor’s degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

  • Spreadsheet software

    Microsoft Excel

  • Graphics or photo imaging software

    JamBoard

  • Electronic mail software

    Microsoft Outlook

  • Enterprise resource planning ERP software

    Microsoft Dynamics

  • Customer relationship management CRM software

    Salesforce software

  • Enterprise application integration software

    Enterprise application integration EAI software

  • Office suite software

    Microsoft Office software

  • Operating system software

    Apple macOS

  • Word processing software

    Microsoft Word

  • Sales and marketing software

    HubSpot software

  • Analytical or scientific software

    IBM SPSS Statistics

  • Presentation software

    Microsoft PowerPoint

  • Project management software

    Microsoft Project

Professional Associations

Related Occupations

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

  • Advise customers on the use of products or services.
  • Answer customer questions about goods or services.
  • Develop content for sales presentations or other materials.
  • Contact current or potential customers to promote products or services.
  • Prepare sales or other contracts.
  • Negotiate prices or other sales terms.
  • Estimate costs or terms of sales.
  • Maintain records of customer accounts.
  • Identify potential customers.
  • Advise others on business or operational matters.
  • Explain technical product or service information to customers.
  • Recommend products or services to customers.
Show all 18
  • Assess the cost effectiveness of products, projects, or services.
  • Calculate costs of goods or services.
  • Distribute promotional literature or samples to customers.
  • Monitor market conditions or trends.
  • Attend events to develop professional knowledge.
  • Study product information to acquire professional knowledge.
O*NET in-it

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology

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