Registered Nurses

Job Zone

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Record patients' medical information and vital signs.94
Administer medications to patients and monitor patients for reactions or side effects.93
Maintain accurate, detailed reports and records.92
Monitor, record, and report symptoms or changes in patients' conditions.90
Provide health care, first aid, immunizations, or assistance in convalescence or rehabilitation in locations such as schools, hospitals, or industry.89
Consult and coordinate with healthcare team members to assess, plan, implement, or evaluate patient care plans.87
Direct or supervise less-skilled nursing or healthcare personnel or supervise a particular unit.87
Monitor all aspects of patient care, including diet and physical activity.86
Perform administrative or managerial functions, such as taking responsibility for a unit's staff, budget, planning, or long-range goals.86
Order, interpret, and evaluate diagnostic tests to identify and assess patient's condition.85
Prescribe or recommend drugs, medical devices, or other forms of treatment, such as physical therapy, inhalation therapy, or related therapeutic procedures.85
Direct or coordinate infection control programs, advising or consulting with specified personnel about necessary precautions.85

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Instruct individuals, families, or other groups on topics such as health education, disease prevention, or childbirth and develop health improvement programs.84
Modify patient treatment plans as indicated by patients' responses and conditions.84
Prepare rooms, sterile instruments, equipment, or supplies and ensure that stock of supplies is maintained.84
Conduct specified laboratory tests.83
Observe nurses and visit patients to ensure proper nursing care.81
Assess the needs of individuals, families, or communities, including assessment of individuals' home or work environments, to identify potential health or safety problems.80
Administer local, inhalation, intravenous, or other anesthetics.79
Work with individuals, groups, or families to plan or implement programs designed to improve the overall health of communities.77
Prepare patients for and assist with examinations or treatments.77
Provide or arrange for training or instruction of auxiliary personnel or students.77
Refer students or patients to specialized health resources or community agencies furnishing assistance.74
Perform physical examinations, make tentative diagnoses, and treat patients en route to hospitals or at disaster site triage centers.74
Consult with institutions or associations regarding issues or concerns relevant to the practice and profession of nursing.71
Inform physician of patient's condition during anesthesia.62
Engage in research activities related to nursing.61

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Social Perceptiveness78
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Active Listening75
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Coordination75
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Critical Thinking75
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Service Orientation75
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Speaking75
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Judgment and Decision Making72
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Reading Comprehension72
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Monitoring69
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Writing69
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Active Learning63
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Complex Problem Solving63
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

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Instructing56
Teaching others how to do something.
Learning Strategies56
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Time Management53
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Operations Monitoring50
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Systems Analysis50
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation50
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Mathematics47
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Persuasion47
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Quality Control Analysis47
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Science47
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Negotiation44
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Management of Personnel Resources41
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Operation and Control31
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Operations Analysis25
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Equipment Selection22
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Management of Material Resources22
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Technology Design22
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Troubleshooting22
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Management of Financial Resources16
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Programming16
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Repairing3
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Equipment Maintenance0
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Psychology90
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Customer and Personal Service85
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Medicine and Dentistry84
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
English Language80
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Administrative64
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Mathematics61
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Therapy and Counseling61
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Administration and Management57
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Education and Training55
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Public Safety and Security53
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Biology51
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Sociology and Anthropology49
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.

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Chemistry40
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Computers and Electronics40
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Personnel and Human Resources37
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Law and Government35
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Communications and Media33
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Telecommunications30
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Philosophy and Theology23
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Sales and Marketing22
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Foreign Language21
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Economics and Accounting19
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Transportation18
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Production and Processing16
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Physics15
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Engineering and Technology13
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Food Production13
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
History and Archeology11
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Mechanical9
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Design7
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Building and Construction5
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Geography5
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Fine Arts0
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Deductive Reasoning78
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Problem Sensitivity78
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Inductive Reasoning75
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Oral Comprehension75
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Oral Expression75
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Written Comprehension75
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Information Ordering72
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Near Vision72
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Speech Clarity72
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Speech Recognition69
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Written Expression69
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Category Flexibility60
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.

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Flexibility of Closure56
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Arm-Hand Steadiness53
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Far Vision53
The ability to see details at a distance.
Finger Dexterity53
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Fluency of Ideas53
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Manual Dexterity53
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Memorization53
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Perceptual Speed53
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Selective Attention53
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Speed of Closure53
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Time Sharing53
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Trunk Strength53
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Mathematical Reasoning50
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Multilimb Coordination50
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Number Facility50
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Originality50
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Static Strength50
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Visualization50
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Auditory Attention47
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Extent Flexibility47
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Stamina47
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Visual Color Discrimination44
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Hearing Sensitivity38
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Control Precision31
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Wrist-Finger Speed31
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Dynamic Strength28
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Reaction Time28
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Response Orientation28
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Depth Perception25
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Gross Body Coordination25
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Speed of Limb Movement25
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Gross Body Equilibrium22
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Dynamic Flexibility19
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Explosive Strength19
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Rate Control19
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Spatial Orientation13
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Sound Localization3
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Glare Sensitivity0
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Night Vision0
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Peripheral Vision0
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Assisting and Caring for Others99
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Documenting/Recording Information97
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Getting Information94
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge91
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates90
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events89
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems89
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Performing General Physical Activities89
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards88
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work88
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships85
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Working with Computers85
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.

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Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings79
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others78
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Handling and Moving Objects77
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates76
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials75
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People75
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Developing and Building Teams74
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Analyzing Data or Information73
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Coaching and Developing Others72
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Thinking Creatively71
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Training and Teaching Others70
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others68
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Processing Information68
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others68
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public67
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others62
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization60
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Developing Objectives and Strategies60
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Scheduling Work and Activities59
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Performing Administrative Activities54
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Controlling Machines and Processes47
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Staffing Organizational Units41
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information38
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources31
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment31
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Selling or Influencing Others30
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment19
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment18
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment17
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Attention to Detail100
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Dependability98
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Cooperation88
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Integrity85
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Cautiousness77
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Empathy76
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Adaptability75
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Social Orientation75
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Stress Tolerance74
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Self-Control71
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Sincerity71
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Perseverance69
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.

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Self-Confidence55
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Optimism52
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Leadership Orientation49
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Intellectual Curiosity47
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Tolerance for Ambiguity47
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Initiative44
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Humility43
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
Achievement Orientation40
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Innovation40
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Social76
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Conventional63
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Investigative62
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Realistic41
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.
Enterprising23
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Artistic6
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day96%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day96%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important91%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others91%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day83%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important74%
- Important12%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important58%
- Very important29%
- Important13%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important58%
- Very important31%
E-Mail
- Every day79%
- Never15%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results55%
- Important results27%
- Moderate results11%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Every day61%
- Once a week or more but not every day20%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility66%
- High responsibility11%
- Moderate responsibility12%
- No responsibility12%

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Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Every day42%
- Once a week or more but not every day38%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom49%
- Some freedom32%
- Very little freedom16%
Physical Proximity
- Very close (near touching)45%
- Moderately close (at arm's length)32%
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)14%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day65%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom39%
- Some freedom40%
- Very little freedom17%
Time Pressure
- Every day42%
- Once a week or more but not every day33%
- Once a month or more but not every week14%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Every day51%
- Once a week or more but not every day28%
- Never11%
Consequence of Error
- Extremely serious57%
- Serious15%
- Not serious at all11%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important42%
- Very important30%
- Important19%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility54%
- High responsibility17%
- Limited responsibility15%
Conflict Situations
- Every day38%
- Once a week or more but not every day27%
- Once a month or more but not every week19%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day32%
- Once a month or more but not every week33%
- Once a year or more but not every month15%
- Never12%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours25%
- 40 hours65%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day18%
- Once a week or more but not every day33%
- Once a month or more but not every week27%
- Never21%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually33%
- More than half the time19%
- About half the time12%
- Never31%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Continually or almost continually24%
- More than half the time12%
- About half the time25%
- Less than half the time35%
Spend Time Standing
- Continually or almost continually25%
- About half the time16%
- Less than half the time54%
Spend Time Sitting
- More than half the time33%
- About half the time20%
- Less than half the time45%
Level of Competition
- Highly competitive27%
- Moderately competitive27%
- Slightly competitive19%
- Not at all competitive18%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- More than half the time34%
- Less than half the time29%
- Never26%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Every day23%
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
- Never33%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- More than half the time29%
- Less than half the time32%
- Never24%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Every day13%
- Once a week or more but not every day12%
- Once a month or more but not every week28%
- Never38%
Degree of Automation
- Moderately automated33%
- Slightly automated34%
- Not at all automated23%
Public Speaking
- Once a week or more but not every day20%
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never42%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Never61%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Once a week or more but not every day15%
- Never68%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Once a month or more but not every week24%
- Never59%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Once a year or more but not every month11%
- Never68%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never73%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Once a year or more but not every month11%
- Never71%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Never81%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- About half the time16%
- Less than half the time29%
- Never55%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
- Never69%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time21%
- Never71%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Fairly important19%
- Not important at all74%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never90%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never92%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Never89%
Work Schedules
- Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)13%
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)87%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never92%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Never96%
Exposed to High Places
- Never100%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never100%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Never99%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree
Post-secondary certificate
Associate’s degree or other 2-year degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Medical software
eClinicalWorks EHR software, Epic Systems, Henry Schein Dentrix, MEDITECH software
Word processing software
Google Docs, Microsoft Word
Data base user interface and query software
Data entry software, Database software, FileMaker Pro, Microsoft Access
Electronic mail software
IBM Notes, Microsoft Exchange, Microsoft Outlook
Human resources software
Human resource management software HRMS, Oracle Taleo
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Categorization or classification software
Diagnostic and procedural coding software
Document management software
Microsoft SharePoint
Video conferencing software
FaceTime
Video creation and editing software
YouTube
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Cloud-based data access and sharing software
Google Drive
Operating system software
Microsoft Windows
Business intelligence and data analysis software
Apache Spark
Time accounting software
Kronos Workforce Timekeeper
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Web page creation and editing software
LinkedIn
Project management software
Microsoft Project
Calendar and scheduling software
Per-Se Technologies ORSOS One-Call
Information retrieval or search software
Drug guide software

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Record patient medical histories.
Monitor patient conditions during treatments, procedures, or activities.
Administer non-intravenous medications.
Maintain medical facility records.
Inform medical professionals regarding patient conditions and care.
Immunize patients.
Treat acute illnesses, infections, or injuries.
Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment.
Supervise patient care personnel.
Monitor patient progress or responses to treatments.
Monitor patients following surgeries or other treatments.
Manage healthcare operations.

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Advise medical personnel regarding healthcare issues.
Analyze test data or images to inform diagnosis or treatment.
Direct healthcare delivery programs.
Order medical diagnostic or clinical tests.
Prescribe assistive medical devices or related treatments.
Prescribe medications.
Design public or employee health programs.
Communicate health and wellness information to the public.
Evaluate patient outcomes to determine effectiveness of treatments.
Maintain inventory of medical supplies or equipment.
Prepare medical supplies or equipment for use.
Test biological specimens to gather information about patient conditions.
Monitor health or behavior of people or animals.
Supervise workers providing client or patient services.
Assess patient work, living, or social environments.
Administer anesthetics or sedatives to control pain.
Assist healthcare practitioners during examinations or treatments.
Prepare patients physically for medical procedures.
Train caregivers or other non-medical personnel.
Diagnose medical conditions.
Examine patients to assess general physical condition.
Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources.
Treat medical emergencies.
Advise communities or institutions regarding health or safety issues.
Conduct research to increase knowledge about medical issues.

Apprenticeship Occupations

Registered apprenticeship program titles associated with this occupation.

Registered Nurse
Registered Nurse (Nof)
Registered Nurse Resident

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology