Producers and Directors

Job Zone

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Plan details such as framing, composition, camera movement, sound, and actor movement for each shot or scene.85
Communicate to actors the approach, characterization, and movement needed for each scene in such a way that rehearsals and takes are minimized.85
Direct live broadcasts, films and recordings, or non-broadcast programming for public entertainment or education.83
Research production topics using the internet, video archives, and other informational sources.82
Review film, recordings, or rehearsals to ensure conformance to production and broadcast standards.80
Study and research scripts to determine how they should be directed.80
Supervise and coordinate the work of camera, lighting, design, and sound crew members.79
Confer with technical directors, managers, crew members, and writers to discuss details of production, such as photography, script, music, sets, and costumes.78
Write and submit proposals to bid on contracts for projects.75
Perform management activities, such as budgeting, scheduling, planning, and marketing.74
Consult with writers, producers, or actors about script changes or "workshop" scripts, through rehearsal with writers and actors to create final drafts.74
Compose and edit scripts or provide screenwriters with story outlines from which scripts can be written.73

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Identify and approve equipment and elements required for productions, such as scenery, lights, props, costumes, choreography, and music.72
Establish pace of programs and sequences of scenes according to time requirements and cast and set accessibility.71
Conduct meetings with staff to discuss production progress and to ensure production objectives are attained.71
Cut and edit film or tape to integrate component parts into desired sequences.71
Compile scripts, program notes, and other material related to productions.70
Write and edit news stories from information collected by reporters and other sources.70
Choose settings and locations for films and determine how scenes will be shot in these settings.70
Review film daily to check on work in progress and to plan for future filming.68
Resolve personnel problems that arise during the production process by acting as liaisons between dissenting parties when necessary.66
Negotiate with parties, including independent producers and the distributors and broadcasters who will be handling completed productions.65
Coordinate the activities of writers, directors, managers, and other personnel throughout the production process.63
Perform administrative duties, such as preparing operational reports, distributing rehearsal call sheets and script copies, and arranging for rehearsal quarters.63
Obtain rights to scripts or to such items as existing video footage.55
Develop marketing plans for finished products, collaborating with sales associates to supervise product distribution.52
Arrange financing for productions.48
Hire principal cast members and crew members, such as art directors, cinematographers, and costume designers.—
Hold auditions for parts or negotiate contracts with actors determined suitable for specific roles.—
Select plays, scripts, books, news content, or ideas to be produced.—

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Active Listening85
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Critical Thinking75
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Monitoring75
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Reading Comprehension75
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Speaking75
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Coordination72
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Social Perceptiveness72
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Writing69
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Management of Personnel Resources66
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Time Management66
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Judgment and Decision Making63
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Systems Analysis63
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.

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Complex Problem Solving60
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Active Learning56
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Negotiation56
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Systems Evaluation56
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Learning Strategies53
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Management of Financial Resources50
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Persuasion50
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Service Orientation50
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Instructing47
Teaching others how to do something.
Management of Material Resources44
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Mathematics38
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Quality Control Analysis38
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Operations Monitoring31
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Operations Analysis28
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Technology Design25
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Operation and Control22
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Equipment Selection19
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Programming19
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Troubleshooting19
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Science3
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Equipment Maintenance0
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
Repairing0
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Communications and Media93
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
English Language72
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Telecommunications69
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Computers and Electronics64
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Administration and Management59
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Customer and Personal Service54
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Fine Arts45
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
Engineering and Technology43
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Sales and Marketing38
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Administrative37
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Education and Training35
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Law and Government31
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.

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Production and Processing31
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Geography29
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Personnel and Human Resources29
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Design28
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Mathematics28
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Foreign Language27
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Sociology and Anthropology27
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Philosophy and Theology25
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Psychology25
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
History and Archeology22
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Economics and Accounting20
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Public Safety and Security16
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Transportation15
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Mechanical13
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Therapy and Counseling9
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Physics8
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Building and Construction4
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Food Production4
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Medicine and Dentistry4
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
Biology3
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Chemistry1
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Oral Expression88
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Deductive Reasoning78
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Oral Comprehension78
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Problem Sensitivity75
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Speech Clarity75
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Written Comprehension72
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Information Ordering69
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Near Vision69
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Originality69
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Speech Recognition69
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Written Expression69
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Category Flexibility66
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.

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Far Vision66
The ability to see details at a distance.
Fluency of Ideas66
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Inductive Reasoning66
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Visualization66
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Flexibility of Closure60
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Selective Attention53
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Speed of Closure53
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Time Sharing53
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Perceptual Speed50
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Memorization47
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Auditory Attention44
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Visual Color Discrimination44
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Mathematical Reasoning41
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Hearing Sensitivity38
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Number Facility38
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Arm-Hand Steadiness31
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Trunk Strength31
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Wrist-Finger Speed31
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Depth Perception28
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Finger Dexterity28
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Manual Dexterity28
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Control Precision25
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Multilimb Coordination22
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Rate Control22
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Spatial Orientation22
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Extent Flexibility19
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Reaction Time19
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Static Strength19
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Dynamic Strength13
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Response Orientation10
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Sound Localization10
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Explosive Strength6
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Glare Sensitivity6
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Night Vision3
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Gross Body Coordination0
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Gross Body Equilibrium0
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Peripheral Vision0
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Speed of Limb Movement0
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Stamina0
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Getting Information92
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Thinking Creatively90
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Working with Computers85
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates81
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events81
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems78
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Processing Information77
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge77
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings75
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work74
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships73
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Scheduling Work and Activities70
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.

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Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People69
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization67
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Documenting/Recording Information67
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others66
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Developing and Building Teams63
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Analyzing Data or Information61
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information60
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards60
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates59
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Developing Objectives and Strategies58
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others57
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others54
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public51
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials50
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Training and Teaching Others50
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Coaching and Developing Others49
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others49
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Selling or Influencing Others48
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources45
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Controlling Machines and Processes41
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Assisting and Caring for Others40
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Performing Administrative Activities40
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Handling and Moving Objects39
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Performing General Physical Activities33
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Staffing Organizational Units29
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment22
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment22
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment19
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment16
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Innovation90
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Leadership Orientation87
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Adaptability77
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Self-Confidence77
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Achievement Orientation76
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Dependability75
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Social Orientation75
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Stress Tolerance74
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Intellectual Curiosity72
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Perseverance72
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Cooperation71
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Initiative71
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.

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Attention to Detail67
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Self-Control64
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Tolerance for Ambiguity64
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Integrity52
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Optimism45
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Empathy43
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Sincerity31
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Artistic86
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.
Enterprising80
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Conventional43
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Social35
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Investigative21
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Realistic19
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

E-Mail
- Every day100%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important88%
- Very important12%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others87%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day85%
- Once a week or more but not every day12%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day76%
- Once a week or more but not every day15%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day76%
- Once a month or more but not every week16%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results56%
- Important results39%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important50%
- Very important41%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day73%
Time Pressure
- Every day73%
- Once a month or more but not every week12%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours76%
- 40 hours13%
- Less than 40 hours11%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom42%
- Some freedom49%

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Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom45%
- Some freedom37%
- Limited freedom17%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility55%
- High responsibility28%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important54%
- Very important23%
- Fairly important16%
Spend Time Sitting
- Continually or almost continually44%
- More than half the time27%
- About half the time29%
Level of Competition
- Extremely competitive37%
- Highly competitive36%
- Moderately competitive16%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important39%
- Very important12%
- Important20%
- Fairly important28%
Physical Proximity
- Moderately close (at arm's length)43%
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)28%
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)18%
Conflict Situations
- Once a week or more but not every day44%
- Once a month or more but not every week36%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day44%
- Once a week or more but not every day13%
- Once a year or more but not every month19%
- Never24%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Every day25%
- Once a week or more but not every day20%
- Once a month or more but not every week19%
- Once a year or more but not every month29%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day22%
- Once a week or more but not every day20%
- Once a month or more but not every week15%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
- Never31%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually24%
- More than half the time28%
- Never39%
Public Speaking
- Every day29%
- Once a year or more but not every month31%
- Never29%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- Continually or almost continually28%
- About half the time14%
- Less than half the time15%
- Never37%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important22%
- Very important18%
- Not important at all46%
Consequence of Error
- Very serious11%
- Serious28%
- Fairly serious43%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility14%
- High responsibility20%
- Limited responsibility18%
- No responsibility37%
Spend Time Standing
- About half the time24%
- Less than half the time64%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Every day13%
- Once a year or more but not every month25%
- Never55%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Once a week or more but not every day11%
- Once a month or more but not every week21%
- Once a year or more but not every month18%
- Never50%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Less than half the time62%
- Never34%
Work Schedules
- Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)35%
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)65%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Once a month or more but not every week12%
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
- Never50%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Once a month or more but not every week12%
- Once a year or more but not every month30%
- Never55%
Degree of Automation
- Slightly automated15%
- Not at all automated73%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Once a month or more but not every week12%
- Once a year or more but not every month23%
- Never64%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
- Never59%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Not important at all81%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Never78%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Less than half the time29%
- Never68%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Once a year or more but not every month33%
- Never67%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Less than half the time19%
- Never76%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Once a year or more but not every month23%
- Never76%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Once a year or more but not every month19%
- Never80%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Once a year or more but not every month21%
- Never78%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Less than half the time15%
- Never82%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time12%
- Never84%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never93%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Never91%
Exposed to High Places
- Never97%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Never100%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never100%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never100%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never100%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree
High school diploma or equivalent
Associate’s degree or other 2-year degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Video creation and editing software
Adobe After Effects, Screencastify, TikTok, YouTube
Web page creation and editing software
Adobe Dreamweaver, Facebook, Web content management system CMS software, WordPress
Graphics or photo imaging software
Adobe Creative Cloud software, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, Canva
Music or sound editing software
Adobe Audition, Avid Technology Pro Tools, MAGIX Software Sound Forge, Magix Vegas Pro
Web platform development software
Cascading style sheets CSS, Hypertext markup language HTML, JavaScript, PHP
Electronic mail software
Email software, Google Gmail, Microsoft Outlook
Cloud-based data access and sharing software
Asana, Google Drive, Slack
Word processing software
Google Docs, Microsoft Word, Scripting software
Project management software
Atlassian Confluence, Microsoft Project, Microsoft Teams
Video conferencing software
FaceTime, Zoom
Desktop publishing software
Adobe InDesign, Microsoft Publisher
Office suite software
Google Workspace software, Microsoft Office software
Instant messaging software
Snapchat, Twitter
Data base user interface and query software
Airtable, Microsoft Access
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Content workflow software
Atlassian JIRA
Document management software
Adobe Acrobat
Development environment software
Adobe ActionScript
Desktop communications software
Eko
Enterprise application integration software
Extensible markup language XML
Operating system software
Microsoft Windows
Sales and marketing software
Google Ads
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Data mining software
Google Analytics
Process mapping and design software
Microsoft Visio
Information retrieval or search software
Pinterest

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Determine technical requirements of productions or projects.
Coordinate artistic activities.
Direct productions or performances.
Conduct research to inform art, designs, or other work.
Manage content of broadcasts or presentations.
Study scripts to determine project requirements.
Coordinate activities of production personnel.
Collaborate with others to determine technical details of productions.
Develop proposals for current or prospective customers.
Collaborate with others to prepare or perform artistic productions.
Manage operations of artistic or entertainment departments or organizations.
Edit written materials.

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Write material for artistic or entertainment purposes.
Select materials or props.
Discuss production content and progress with others.
Edit audio or video recordings.
Determine presentation subjects or content.
Compile technical information or documentation.
Write informational material.
Coordinate logistics for productions or events.
Negotiate for services.
Obtain copyrights or other legal permissions.
Develop promotional strategies or plans.
Direct fundraising or financing activities.
Audition or interview potential performers or staff members.
Select staff, team members, or performers.

Apprenticeship Occupations

Registered apprenticeship program titles associated with this occupation.

Director, Television
Multimedia Producer
Program Assistant

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology