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Models, Demonstrators, and Product Promoters

Job Zone
Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

O’NET publishes details below this occupation’s level. Showing Demonstrators and Product Promoters — one of 2 occupations here: Demonstrators and Product Promoters, Models.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

  • Provide product samples, coupons, informational brochures, or other incentives to persuade people to buy products.88
  • Sell products being promoted and keep records of sales.88
  • Keep areas neat while working and return items to correct locations following demonstrations.87
  • Demonstrate or explain products, methods, or services to persuade customers to purchase products or use services.87
  • Record and report demonstration-related information, such as the number of questions asked by the audience or the number of coupons distributed.84
  • Suggest specific product purchases to meet customers' needs.84
  • Research or investigate products to be presented to prepare for demonstrations.83
  • Set up and arrange displays or demonstration areas to attract the attention of prospective customers.80
  • Identify interested and qualified customers to provide them with additional information.80
  • Visit trade shows, stores, community organizations, or other venues to demonstrate products or services or to answer questions from potential customers.77
  • Transport, assemble, and disassemble materials used in presentations.76
  • Practice demonstrations to ensure that they will run smoothly.75
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  • Learn about competitors' products or consumers' interests or concerns to answer questions or provide more complete information.75
  • Instruct customers in alteration of products.73
  • Prepare or alter presentation contents to target specific audiences.72
  • Stock shelves with products.71
  • Work as part of a team of demonstrators to accommodate large crowds.70
  • Provide product information, using lectures, films, charts, or slide shows.69
  • Train demonstrators to present a company's products or services.68
  • Recommend product or service improvements to employers.63
  • Wear costumes or sign boards and walk in public to promote merchandise, services, or events.56

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

  • Active Listening72

    Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.

  • Speaking72

    Talking to others to convey information effectively.

  • Persuasion63

    Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.

  • Reading Comprehension56

    Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.

  • Service Orientation56

    Actively looking for ways to help people.

  • Complex Problem Solving50

    Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

  • Coordination50

    Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.

  • Critical Thinking50

    Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.

  • Judgment and Decision Making50

    Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.

  • Monitoring50

    Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.

  • Social Perceptiveness50

    Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.

  • Time Management50

    Managing one's own time and the time of others.

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  • Writing50

    Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.

  • Active Learning47

    Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.

  • Learning Strategies44

    Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.

  • Instructing35

    Teaching others how to do something.

  • Management of Personnel Resources35

    Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.

  • Negotiation35

    Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.

  • Systems Evaluation31

    Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.

  • Mathematics28

    Using mathematics to solve problems.

  • Operations Monitoring28

    Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.

  • Quality Control Analysis28

    Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.

  • Systems Analysis28

    Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.

  • Operations Analysis25

    Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.

  • Troubleshooting25

    Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.

  • Technology Design22

    Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.

  • Operation and Control19

    Controlling operations of equipment or systems.

  • Management of Financial Resources16

    Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.

  • Management of Material Resources16

    Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.

  • Programming3

    Writing computer programs for various purposes.

  • Equipment Maintenance0

    Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.

  • Equipment Selection0

    Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.

  • Installation0

    Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

  • Repairing0

    Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

  • Science0

    Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

  • Customer and Personal Service76

    Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.

  • English Language68

    Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.

  • Sales and Marketing68

    Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.

  • Food Production57

    Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.

  • Public Safety and Security50

    Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.

  • Psychology39

    Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.

  • Administrative38

    Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.

  • Communications and Media36

    Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.

  • Computers and Electronics36

    Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.

  • Administration and Management32

    Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.

  • Education and Training32

    Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.

  • Mathematics28

    Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.

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  • Telecommunications28

    Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.

  • Sociology and Anthropology27

    Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.

  • Transportation27

    Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.

  • Personnel and Human Resources24

    Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.

  • Production and Processing18

    Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.

  • Design16

    Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.

  • Economics and Accounting15

    Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.

  • Chemistry13

    Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.

  • Foreign Language13

    Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.

  • Law and Government13

    Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.

  • Mechanical13

    Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.

  • Biology11

    Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.

  • Engineering and Technology10

    Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.

  • Geography8

    Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.

  • Medicine and Dentistry7

    Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.

  • Therapy and Counseling6

    Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.

  • Philosophy and Theology5

    Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.

  • Fine Arts3

    Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

  • History and Archeology1

    Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.

  • Physics1

    Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

  • Building and Construction0

    Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

  • Oral Comprehension72

    The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.

  • Oral Expression72

    The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.

  • Speech Clarity72

    The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.

  • Speech Recognition69

    The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.

  • Deductive Reasoning53

    The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.

  • Near Vision53

    The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).

  • Category Flexibility50

    The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.

  • Inductive Reasoning50

    The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).

  • Information Ordering50

    The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).

  • Problem Sensitivity50

    The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.

  • Selective Attention50

    The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.

  • Written Comprehension50

    The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.

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  • Written Expression50

    The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.

  • Far Vision47

    The ability to see details at a distance.

  • Originality47

    The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.

  • Visualization47

    The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.

  • Auditory Attention44

    The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.

  • Fluency of Ideas44

    The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).

  • Perceptual Speed44

    The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.

  • Time Sharing44

    The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).

  • Trunk Strength44

    The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.

  • Visual Color Discrimination44

    The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.

  • Flexibility of Closure41

    The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.

  • Hearing Sensitivity41

    The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.

  • Memorization41

    The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.

  • Finger Dexterity35

    The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.

  • Multilimb Coordination31

    The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.

  • Speed of Closure31

    The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.

  • Static Strength31

    The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.

  • Arm-Hand Steadiness28

    The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.

  • Dynamic Strength28

    The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.

  • Extent Flexibility28

    The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.

  • Mathematical Reasoning28

    The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.

  • Number Facility28

    The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.

  • Stamina28

    The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.

  • Depth Perception25

    The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.

  • Gross Body Coordination25

    The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.

  • Gross Body Equilibrium25

    The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.

  • Manual Dexterity25

    The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.

  • Control Precision19

    The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.

  • Rate Control16

    The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.

  • Reaction Time16

    The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.

  • Explosive Strength13

    The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.

  • Wrist-Finger Speed13

    The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.

  • Spatial Orientation10

    The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.

  • Dynamic Flexibility0

    The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.

  • Glare Sensitivity0

    The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.

  • Night Vision0

    The ability to see under low-light conditions.

  • Peripheral Vision0

    The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.

  • Response Orientation0

    The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.

  • Sound Localization0

    The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

  • Speed of Limb Movement0

    The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

  • Performing for or Working Directly with the Public94

    Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.

  • Selling or Influencing Others93

    Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.

  • Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships79

    Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.

  • Communicating with People Outside the Organization77

    Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.

  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates70

    Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.

  • Getting Information65

    Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.

  • Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People62

    Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.

  • Making Decisions and Solving Problems59

    Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.

  • Thinking Creatively58

    Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.

  • Developing and Building Teams57

    Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.

  • Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events57

    Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.

  • Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials54

    Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.

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  • Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work53

    Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.

  • Performing General Physical Activities53

    Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.

  • Handling and Moving Objects52

    Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.

  • Training and Teaching Others52

    Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.

  • Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others50

    Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.

  • Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge50

    Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.

  • Documenting/Recording Information46

    Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.

  • Analyzing Data or Information45

    Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.

  • Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information44

    Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.

  • Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others43

    Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.

  • Developing Objectives and Strategies43

    Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.

  • Assisting and Caring for Others42

    Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.

  • Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings42

    Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.

  • Performing Administrative Activities42

    Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.

  • Coaching and Developing Others41

    Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.

  • Controlling Machines and Processes40

    Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).

  • Providing Consultation and Advice to Others40

    Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.

  • Processing Information39

    Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.

  • Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards38

    Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.

  • Scheduling Work and Activities37

    Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.

  • Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates36

    Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.

  • Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others35

    Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.

  • Staffing Organizational Units29

    Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.

  • Monitoring and Controlling Resources28

    Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.

  • Working with Computers26

    Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.

  • Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment23

    Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.

  • Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment19

    Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.

  • Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment15

    Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.

  • Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment13

    Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

  • Social Orientation89

    A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.

  • Optimism71

    A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.

  • Cooperation64

    A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.

  • Dependability61

    A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.

  • Self-Confidence60

    A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.

  • Initiative56

    A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.

  • Perseverance47

    A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.

  • Attention to Detail45

    A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.

  • Adaptability43

    A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.

  • Achievement Orientation42

    A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.

  • Empathy40

    A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.

  • Self-Control37

    A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.

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  • Sincerity36

    A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.

  • Integrity34

    A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.

  • Stress Tolerance32

    A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.

  • Leadership Orientation26

    A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

  • Innovation22

    A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.

  • Tolerance for Ambiguity22

    A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

  • Intellectual Curiosity16

    A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

  • Enterprising73

    Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.

  • Conventional43

    Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.

  • Artistic39

    Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

  • Social38

    Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.

  • Realistic37

    Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

  • Investigative15

    Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

  • Contact With Others

    • Constant contact with others89%
  • Spend Time Standing

    • Continually or almost continually82%
    • About half the time11%
  • Deal With External Customers or the Public in General

    • Extremely important67%
    • Very important21%
  • Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams

    • Every day70%
    • Once a month or more but not every week13%
  • Indoors, Environmentally Controlled

    • Every day66%
    • Once a week or more but not every day11%
    • Never16%
  • Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls

    • Continually or almost continually68%
    • Less than half the time19%
  • Freedom to Make Decisions

    • A lot of freedom50%
    • Some freedom17%
    • Limited freedom26%
  • Time Pressure

    • Every day34%
    • Once a week or more but not every day40%
    • Once a year or more but not every month12%
  • Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team

    • Extremely important59%
    • Not important at all16%
  • Frequency of Decision Making

    • Once a month or more but not every week11%
    • Never19%
  • Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results

    • Moderate results16%
    • Minor results15%
  • Physical Proximity

    • Very close (near touching)12%
    • Moderately close (at arm's length)65%
    • Slightly close (e.g., shared office)13%
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  • Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions

    • Continually or almost continually40%
    • About half the time13%
    • Less than half the time12%
    • Never12%
  • Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals

    • Some freedom21%
    • Limited freedom11%
    • Very little freedom23%
  • E-Mail

    • Never18%
  • Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People

    • Once a week or more but not every day14%
    • Once a year or more but not every month22%
    • Never16%
  • Importance of Being Exact or Accurate

    • Extremely important26%
    • Very important15%
    • Fairly important19%
  • Telephone Conversations

    • Every day21%
    • Once a week or more but not every day27%
    • Once a month or more but not every week28%
    • Once a year or more but not every month12%
    • Never12%
  • Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities

    • Extremely important30%
    • Very important19%
    • Important19%
    • Not important at all27%
  • Written Letters and Memos

    • Every day20%
    • Once a week or more but not every day41%
    • Never32%
  • Level of Competition

    • Highly competitive35%
    • Moderately competitive26%
    • Slightly competitive26%
  • Public Speaking

    • Once a year or more but not every month18%
    • Never36%
  • Importance of Repeating Same Tasks

    • Extremely important13%
    • Very important23%
    • Important21%
    • Fairly important25%
    • Not important at all17%
  • Conflict Situations

    • Every day12%
    • Once a week or more but not every day32%
    • Once a month or more but not every week13%
    • Once a year or more but not every month19%
    • Never25%
  • Health and Safety of Other Workers

    • Very high responsibility19%
    • High responsibility11%
    • Moderate responsibility22%
    • Limited responsibility25%
    • No responsibility22%
  • Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body

    • Continually or almost continually15%
    • More than half the time29%
    • Less than half the time29%
    • Never26%
  • Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets

    • Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers

      • Very high responsibility18%
      • Moderate responsibility23%
      • Limited responsibility22%
      • No responsibility37%
    • Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable

      • Every day20%
      • Once a year or more but not every month23%
      • Never47%
    • Consequence of Error

      • Fairly serious22%
      • Not serious at all45%
    • Duration of Typical Work Week

      • More than 40 hours19%
      • Less than 40 hours59%
    • Spend Time Walking or Running

      • More than half the time12%
      • Never39%
    • Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling

      • More than half the time12%
      • About half the time12%
      • Less than half the time42%
      • Never35%
    • Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance

      • Continually or almost continually18%
      • Less than half the time21%
    • Work Schedules

      • Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)40%
      • Regular (established routine, set schedule)57%
    • Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions

      • Every day11%
      • Once a week or more but not every day11%
    • Exposed to Contaminants

      • Every day12%
      • Once a month or more but not every week14%
      • Never73%
    • Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings

      • Every day13%
      • Once a year or more but not every month21%
    • Spend Time Sitting

      • About half the time11%
      • Less than half the time11%
    • Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment

      • Not important at all86%
    • Degree of Automation

      • Moderately automated17%
      • Not at all automated73%
    • Exposed to Hazardous Equipment

      • Once a week or more but not every day11%
      • Never81%
    • Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures

      • Once a month or more but not every week11%
      • Once a year or more but not every month18%
    • Outdoors, Under Cover

      • Once a month or more but not every week11%
      • Once a year or more but not every month18%
    • Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions

      • Once a month or more but not every week12%
      • Once a year or more but not every month11%
      • Never77%
    • In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment

      • Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions

        • Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled

          • Once a month or more but not every week11%
          • Never88%
        • Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People

          • Once a year or more but not every month14%
          • Never86%
        • Exposed to High Places

          • Once a year or more but not every month12%
          • Never88%
        • Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles

          • Less than half the time11%
          • Never89%
        • Exposed to Disease or Infections

          • Never100%
        • Exposed to Hazardous Conditions

          • Never100%
        • Exposed to Radiation

          • Never100%
        • Exposed to Whole Body Vibration

          • Never100%
        • In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment

          • Never100%
        • Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection

          • Never100%

        Typical Education Levels Reported

        Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

        • High school diploma or equivalent
        • Less than high school diploma
        • Master’s degree

        Technology Skills

        Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

        • Electronic mail software

          Email software, Microsoft Outlook

        • Video conferencing software

          Zoom

        • Spreadsheet software

          Microsoft Excel

        • Desktop communications software

          Eko

        • Office suite software

          Microsoft Office software

        • Operating system software

          Microsoft Windows

        • Word processing software

          Microsoft Word

        • Internet browser software

          Web browser software

        • Presentation software

          Microsoft PowerPoint

        • Web page creation and editing software

          Social media sites

        • Web platform development software

          Hypertext markup language HTML

        Professional Associations

        Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

        Related Occupations

        Detailed Work Activities

        More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

        • Distribute promotional literature or samples to customers.
        • Maintain records of sales or other business transactions.
        • Sell products or services.
        • Demonstrate products to consumers.
        • Clean work areas.
        • Explain technical product or service information to customers.
        • Recommend products or services to customers.
        • Record sales or transactions data.
        • Study product information to acquire professional knowledge.
        • Set up merchandise displays.
        • Identify potential customers.
        • Answer customer questions about goods or services.
        Show all 19
        • Gather customer or product information to determine customer needs.
        • Advise customers on the use of products or services.
        • Develop content for sales presentations or other materials.
        • Stock products or parts.
        • Deliver promotional presentations to current or prospective customers.
        • Train sales personnel.
        • Model cosmetics, clothing, or accessories.
        O*NET in-it

        This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

        Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology

        Limited time offer