Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners

Job Zone

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Consult with customers to determine objectives and requirements for events, such as meetings, conferences, and conventions.90
Review event bills for accuracy and approve payment.89
Coordinate services for events, such as accommodation and transportation for participants, facilities, catering, signage, displays, special needs requirements, printing and event security.85
Arrange the availability of audio-visual equipment, transportation, displays, and other event needs.84
Confer with staff at a chosen event site to coordinate details.84
Inspect event facilities to ensure that they conform to customer requirements.83
Maintain records of event aspects, including financial details.82
Monitor event activities to ensure compliance with applicable regulations and laws, satisfaction of participants, and resolution of any problems that arise.79
Negotiate contracts with such service providers and suppliers as hotels, convention centers, and speakers.77
Evaluate and select providers of services according to customer requirements.77
Plan and develop programs, agendas, budgets, and services according to customer requirements.76
Hire, train, and supervise volunteers and support staff required for events.75

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Conduct post-event evaluations to determine how future events could be improved.75
Direct administrative details, such as financial operations, dissemination of promotional materials, and responses to inquiries.71
Organize registration of event participants.70
Meet with sponsors and organizing committees to plan scope and format of events, to establish and monitor budgets, or to review administrative procedures and event progress.69
Develop event topics and choose featured speakers.68
Promote conference, convention and trades show services by performing tasks such as meeting with professional and trade associations, and producing brochures and other publications.64
Read trade publications, attend seminars, and consult with other meeting professionals to keep abreast of meeting management standards and trends.58
Design and implement efforts to publicize events and promote sponsorships.52
Obtain permits from fire and health departments to erect displays and exhibits and serve food at events.51

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Active Listening75
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Reading Comprehension75
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Speaking75
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Coordination72
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Critical Thinking72
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Service Orientation72
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Social Perceptiveness72
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Time Management69
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Complex Problem Solving66
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Judgment and Decision Making66
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Monitoring63
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Persuasion63
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.

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Writing63
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Active Learning60
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Negotiation60
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Management of Personnel Resources56
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Systems Analysis56
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation53
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Instructing50
Teaching others how to do something.
Management of Financial Resources50
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Management of Material Resources47
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Operations Analysis44
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Mathematics38
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Learning Strategies35
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Quality Control Analysis31
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Operation and Control25
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Operations Monitoring25
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Equipment Selection19
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Repairing19
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Technology Design19
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Troubleshooting19
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Equipment Maintenance16
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Programming10
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Science6
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Customer and Personal Service83
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
English Language81
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Communications and Media68
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Administrative63
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Administration and Management61
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Computers and Electronics57
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Public Safety and Security54
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Law and Government50
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Sales and Marketing48
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Transportation46
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Psychology45
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Telecommunications45
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.

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Mathematics44
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Economics and Accounting43
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Education and Training38
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Philosophy and Theology36
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Personnel and Human Resources33
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Design32
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Fine Arts29
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
Sociology and Anthropology27
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Food Production26
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Geography25
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Engineering and Technology23
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Foreign Language21
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
History and Archeology19
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Medicine and Dentistry19
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
Building and Construction18
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Chemistry16
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Physics16
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Mechanical15
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Production and Processing14
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Therapy and Counseling14
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Biology12
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Oral Comprehension75
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Oral Expression75
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Speech Recognition75
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Written Comprehension75
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Written Expression75
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Deductive Reasoning72
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Problem Sensitivity72
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Fluency of Ideas69
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Speech Clarity69
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Inductive Reasoning66
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Near Vision66
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Originality66
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.

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Information Ordering63
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Category Flexibility53
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Far Vision53
The ability to see details at a distance.
Selective Attention53
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Mathematical Reasoning50
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Time Sharing50
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Visualization50
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Flexibility of Closure47
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Number Facility47
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Perceptual Speed41
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Speed of Closure38
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Arm-Hand Steadiness35
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Auditory Attention35
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Finger Dexterity35
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Memorization35
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Visual Color Discrimination35
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Manual Dexterity31
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Trunk Strength31
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Control Precision25
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Stamina25
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Depth Perception22
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Dynamic Strength22
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Extent Flexibility22
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Glare Sensitivity22
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Gross Body Coordination22
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Gross Body Equilibrium22
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Hearing Sensitivity22
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Static Strength22
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Multilimb Coordination19
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Reaction Time16
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Spatial Orientation16
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Wrist-Finger Speed16
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Rate Control13
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Explosive Strength6
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Night Vision3
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Peripheral Vision3
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Response Orientation3
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Sound Localization3
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Speed of Limb Movement3
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work91
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems89
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates88
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization87
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Working with Computers86
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public84
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Scheduling Work and Activities84
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People80
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others80
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships78
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Getting Information78
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Developing and Building Teams77
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.

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Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events76
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Performing Administrative Activities76
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Processing Information75
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Thinking Creatively75
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others73
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Coaching and Developing Others72
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others72
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates71
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge71
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources69
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Documenting/Recording Information68
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others65
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Selling or Influencing Others65
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Developing Objectives and Strategies63
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Analyzing Data or Information60
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings60
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Performing General Physical Activities59
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Training and Teaching Others59
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials58
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information57
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards57
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Handling and Moving Objects56
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Assisting and Caring for Others53
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Staffing Organizational Units46
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Controlling Machines and Processes43
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment41
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment34
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment32
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment23
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Dependability98
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Attention to Detail91
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Social Orientation78
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Adaptability77
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Cooperation77
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Stress Tolerance70
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Self-Control69
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Achievement Orientation68
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Initiative67
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Leadership Orientation65
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Perseverance60
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Self-Confidence60
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.

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Integrity59
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Optimism59
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Cautiousness52
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Empathy46
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Tolerance for Ambiguity42
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Innovation40
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Intellectual Curiosity37
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Sincerity36
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Humility17
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Enterprising100
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Conventional66
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Social59
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Artistic25
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.
Investigative9
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Realistic0
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

Telephone Conversations
- Every day94%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others93%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day91%
E-Mail
- Every day88%
- Once a week or more but not every day12%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important86%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important86%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom80%
- Some freedom13%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important76%
- Very important13%
Time Pressure
- Every day74%
- Once a week or more but not every day15%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom61%
- Some freedom31%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day64%
- Once a week or more but not every day25%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day84%
- Never15%

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Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Important results44%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day54%
- Once a week or more but not every day18%
- Once a month or more but not every week17%
- Never11%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important30%
- Important14%
Level of Competition
- Highly competitive20%
- Moderately competitive22%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- High responsibility19%
- Moderate responsibility18%
- Limited responsibility18%
Physical Proximity
- Moderately close (at arm's length)28%
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)27%
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)11%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- Continually or almost continually54%
- Less than half the time20%
Spend Time Sitting
- Continually or almost continually42%
- More than half the time19%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day19%
- Once a month or more but not every week14%
Conflict Situations
- Once a week or more but not every day41%
Duration of Typical Work Week
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Limited responsibility27%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Very important20%
- Important64%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a week or more but not every day25%
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
Spend Time Standing
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Once a month or more but not every week19%
- Once a year or more but not every month17%
- Never28%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Never45%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Less than half the time29%
- Never32%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Less than half the time43%
- Never15%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never34%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Once a week or more but not every day13%
- Once a month or more but not every week19%
- Once a year or more but not every month54%
- Never14%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Once a month or more but not every week21%
- Once a year or more but not every month60%
- Never16%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Once a year or more but not every month59%
- Never26%
Work Schedules
Consequence of Error
- Serious23%
- Fairly serious37%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Once a year or more but not every month12%
Public Speaking
- Once a month or more but not every week25%
- Once a year or more but not every month28%
Degree of Automation
- Moderately automated29%
- Not at all automated63%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Less than half the time53%
- Never43%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
Exposed to Contaminants
- Once a month or more but not every week14%
- Never76%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Never84%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never90%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Important11%
- Not important at all87%
Exposed to High Places
- Never88%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Once a year or more but not every month11%
- Never89%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never90%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Never94%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never95%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never96%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Never100%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never100%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never99%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Project management software
Active Network EventRegister, Microsoft Project, Oracle Primavera Enterprise Project Portfolio Management, Planstone
Word processing software
Google Docs, Microsoft Word
Data base user interface and query software
Dean Evans & Associates EMS Professional, FileMaker Pro, Microsoft Access, NSF Hospitality Rendezvous Events
Graphics or photo imaging software
Adobe Creative Cloud software, Adobe Photoshop, SmugMug Flickr, Trimble SketchUp Pro
Customer relationship management CRM software
Blackbaud The Raiser's Edge, GruupMeet, Microsoft Dynamics, Oracle Eloqua
Web page creation and editing software
Facebook, LinkedIn, Social media sites
Geographic information system
ESRI ArcGIS software, Geographic information system GIS software
Electronic mail software
IBM Lotus Notes, Microsoft Outlook
Desktop publishing software
Adobe InDesign, Microsoft Publisher
Financial analysis software
Delphi Discovery, Delphi Technology
Presentation software
Mentimeter, Microsoft PowerPoint
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Video conferencing software
LogMeIn GoToMeeting
Desktop communications software
ParentSquare
Network conferencing software
LogMeIn GoToWebinar
Facilities management software
MeetingMatrix International
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Cloud-based data access and sharing software
Google Drive
Sales and marketing software
Marketo Marketing Automation
Internet browser software
Web browser software
Web platform development software
Hypertext markup language HTML

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Correspond with customers to answer questions or resolve complaints.
Authorize financial actions.
Verify accuracy of records.
Organize special events.
Confer with personnel to coordinate business operations.
Inspect facilities or equipment to ensure specifications are met.
Prepare financial documents.
Monitor organizational compliance with regulations.
Conduct eligibility or selection interviews.
Negotiate contracts with clients or service providers.
Develop financial or business plans.
Conduct surveys in organizations.

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Supervise employees.
Train personnel to enhance job skills.
Oversee business processes.
Confer with others about financial matters.
Create marketing materials.
Market products, services, or events.
Update professional knowledge.
Obtain documentation to authorize activities.

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology