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Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers

Job Zone
Job Zone 1-2: Very Little to Some Preparation Needed
Usually requires a high school diploma or GED, though some occupations may not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

  • Explain products or services and prices and demonstrate use of products.93
  • Develop prospect lists.85
  • Deliver merchandise and collect payment.83
  • Write and record orders for merchandise or enter orders into computers.83
  • Arrange buying parties and solicit sponsorship of such parties to sell merchandise.81
  • Answer questions about product features and benefits.79
  • Distribute product samples or literature that details products or services.74
  • Circulate among potential customers or travel by foot, truck, automobile, or bicycle to deliver or sell merchandise or services.74
  • Persuade customers to purchase merchandise or services.69
  • Set up and display sample merchandise at parties or stands.68
  • Order or purchase supplies.68
  • Stock carts or stands.43
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  • Contact customers to ensure their satisfaction with products or services.
  • Train new recruits or other employees.

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

  • Persuasion75

    Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.

  • Speaking75

    Talking to others to convey information effectively.

  • Social Perceptiveness69

    Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.

  • Service Orientation66

    Actively looking for ways to help people.

  • Active Listening60

    Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.

  • Coordination56

    Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.

  • Negotiation56

    Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.

  • Judgment and Decision Making50

    Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.

  • Reading Comprehension50

    Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.

  • Critical Thinking47

    Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.

  • Writing47

    Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.

  • Monitoring44

    Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.

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  • Time Management44

    Managing one's own time and the time of others.

  • Active Learning41

    Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.

  • Complex Problem Solving41

    Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

  • Instructing35

    Teaching others how to do something.

  • Learning Strategies31

    Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.

  • Systems Evaluation28

    Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.

  • Systems Analysis25

    Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.

  • Management of Personnel Resources22

    Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.

  • Mathematics22

    Using mathematics to solve problems.

  • Management of Material Resources19

    Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.

  • Operations Analysis19

    Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.

  • Technology Design19

    Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.

  • Management of Financial Resources16

    Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.

  • Programming16

    Writing computer programs for various purposes.

  • Operation and Control10

    Controlling operations of equipment or systems.

  • Operations Monitoring10

    Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.

  • Quality Control Analysis3

    Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.

  • Equipment Maintenance0

    Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.

  • Equipment Selection0

    Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.

  • Installation0

    Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

  • Repairing0

    Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.

  • Science0

    Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.

  • Troubleshooting0

    Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

  • Customer and Personal Service85

    Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.

  • Sales and Marketing79

    Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.

  • English Language57

    Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.

  • Administrative51

    Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.

  • Administration and Management50

    Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.

  • Education and Training41

    Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.

  • Personnel and Human Resources38

    Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.

  • Psychology36

    Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.

  • Communications and Media33

    Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.

  • Computers and Electronics32

    Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.

  • Mathematics31

    Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.

  • Telecommunications30

    Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.

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  • Economics and Accounting29

    Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.

  • Transportation26

    Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.

  • Sociology and Anthropology17

    Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.

  • Production and Processing16

    Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.

  • Law and Government14

    Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.

  • Public Safety and Security14

    Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.

  • Food Production10

    Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.

  • Foreign Language10

    Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.

  • Philosophy and Theology10

    Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.

  • Geography8

    Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.

  • Therapy and Counseling7

    Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.

  • Chemistry5

    Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.

  • Engineering and Technology5

    Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.

  • Building and Construction2

    Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.

  • Design2

    Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.

  • Fine Arts2

    Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.

  • Biology1

    Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.

  • History and Archeology1

    Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.

  • Mechanical1

    Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.

  • Physics1

    Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

  • Medicine and Dentistry0

    Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

  • Oral Expression75

    The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.

  • Oral Comprehension72

    The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.

  • Speech Clarity63

    The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.

  • Speech Recognition63

    The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.

  • Written Expression53

    The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.

  • Information Ordering50

    The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).

  • Written Comprehension50

    The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.

  • Deductive Reasoning47

    The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.

  • Fluency of Ideas47

    The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).

  • Near Vision47

    The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).

  • Originality47

    The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.

  • Problem Sensitivity47

    The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.

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  • Inductive Reasoning44

    The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).

  • Category Flexibility38

    The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.

  • Selective Attention38

    The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.

  • Time Sharing38

    The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).

  • Far Vision35

    The ability to see details at a distance.

  • Memorization31

    The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.

  • Flexibility of Closure28

    The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.

  • Mathematical Reasoning28

    The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.

  • Trunk Strength28

    The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.

  • Number Facility25

    The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.

  • Visualization25

    The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.

  • Speed of Closure19

    The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.

  • Visual Color Discrimination19

    The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.

  • Finger Dexterity16

    The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.

  • Auditory Attention13

    The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.

  • Hearing Sensitivity13

    The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.

  • Perceptual Speed13

    The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.

  • Wrist-Finger Speed13

    The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.

  • Static Strength10

    The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.

  • Manual Dexterity6

    The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.

  • Spatial Orientation6

    The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.

  • Stamina6

    The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.

  • Arm-Hand Steadiness3

    The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.

  • Control Precision3

    The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.

  • Multilimb Coordination3

    The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.

  • Night Vision3

    The ability to see under low-light conditions.

  • Depth Perception0

    The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.

  • Dynamic Flexibility0

    The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.

  • Dynamic Strength0

    The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.

  • Explosive Strength0

    The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.

  • Extent Flexibility0

    The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.

  • Glare Sensitivity0

    The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.

  • Gross Body Coordination0

    The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.

  • Gross Body Equilibrium0

    The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.

  • Peripheral Vision0

    The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.

  • Rate Control0

    The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.

  • Reaction Time0

    The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.

  • Response Orientation0

    The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.

  • Sound Localization0

    The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.

  • Speed of Limb Movement0

    The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

  • Selling or Influencing Others90

    Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.

  • Performing for or Working Directly with the Public87

    Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.

  • Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships82

    Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.

  • Communicating with People Outside the Organization71

    Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.

  • Getting Information68

    Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.

  • Coaching and Developing Others66

    Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.

  • Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work66

    Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.

  • Developing and Building Teams64

    Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.

  • Working with Computers63

    Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.

  • Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates60

    Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.

  • Training and Teaching Others60

    Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.

  • Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates58

    Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.

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  • Scheduling Work and Activities58

    Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.

  • Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others52

    Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.

  • Performing Administrative Activities51

    Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.

  • Developing Objectives and Strategies50

    Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.

  • Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge50

    Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.

  • Documenting/Recording Information48

    Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.

  • Thinking Creatively47

    Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.

  • Processing Information46

    Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.

  • Making Decisions and Solving Problems44

    Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.

  • Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings42

    Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.

  • Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others41

    Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.

  • Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events41

    Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.

  • Providing Consultation and Advice to Others40

    Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.

  • Assisting and Caring for Others39

    Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.

  • Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others39

    Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.

  • Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People37

    Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.

  • Staffing Organizational Units37

    Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.

  • Handling and Moving Objects35

    Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.

  • Monitoring and Controlling Resources31

    Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.

  • Performing General Physical Activities30

    Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.

  • Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards29

    Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.

  • Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment28

    Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.

  • Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information27

    Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.

  • Analyzing Data or Information22

    Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.

  • Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials15

    Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.

  • Controlling Machines and Processes11

    Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).

  • Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment7

    Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.

  • Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment3

    Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.

  • Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment3

    Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

  • Perseverance98

    A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.

  • Achievement Orientation97

    A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.

  • Social Orientation93

    A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.

  • Optimism89

    A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.

  • Self-Confidence79

    A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.

  • Initiative65

    A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.

  • Dependability61

    A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.

  • Adaptability58

    A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.

  • Tolerance for Ambiguity51

    A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.

  • Stress Tolerance50

    A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.

  • Leadership Orientation38

    A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

  • Integrity33

    A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.

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  • Sincerity29

    A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.

  • Cooperation28

    A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.

  • Innovation27

    A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.

  • Self-Control27

    A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.

  • Attention to Detail25

    A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.

  • Empathy24

    A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.

  • Intellectual Curiosity4

    A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

  • Enterprising75

    Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.

  • Conventional62

    Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.

  • Realistic43

    Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

  • Social30

    Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.

  • Artistic17

    Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.

  • Investigative0

    Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

  • Freedom to Make Decisions

    • A lot of freedom88%
  • Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals

    • A lot of freedom79%
    • Some freedom17%
  • Deal With External Customers or the Public in General

    • Extremely important70%
    • Very important30%
  • Telephone Conversations

    • Every day55%
    • Once a week or more but not every day45%
  • Contact With Others

    • Constant contact with others52%
    • Contact with others most of the time43%
  • E-Mail

    • Every day70%
    • Once a week or more but not every day22%
  • Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams

    • Every day36%
    • Once a week or more but not every day50%
  • Public Speaking

    • Every day13%
    • Once a week or more but not every day52%
    • Once a month or more but not every week30%
  • Physical Proximity

    • Very close (near touching)17%
    • Moderately close (at arm's length)58%
  • Level of Competition

    • Extremely competitive13%
    • Highly competitive29%
    • Moderately competitive33%
    • Slightly competitive17%
  • Written Letters and Memos

    • Once a week or more but not every day27%
    • Once a month or more but not every week36%
    • Once a year or more but not every month23%
  • Spend Time Standing

    • Continually or almost continually13%
    • More than half the time13%
    • About half the time46%
    • Less than half the time29%
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  • Time Pressure

    • Every day17%
    • Once a month or more but not every week50%
    • Once a year or more but not every month13%
    • Never13%
  • Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team

    • Very important32%
    • Important18%
    • Fairly important36%
  • Importance of Being Exact or Accurate

    • Extremely important17%
    • Very important13%
    • Important33%
    • Fairly important25%
    • Not important at all13%
  • Spend Time Sitting

    • More than half the time33%
    • About half the time33%
    • Less than half the time29%
  • Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities

    • Very important46%
    • Fairly important21%
    • Not important at all21%
  • Frequency of Decision Making

    • Every day21%
    • Once a week or more but not every day13%
    • Once a month or more but not every week21%
    • Once a year or more but not every month29%
    • Never17%
  • Indoors, Environmentally Controlled

    • Every day22%
    • Once a week or more but not every day26%
    • Never43%
  • In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment

    • Every day21%
    • Once a week or more but not every day29%
    • Never46%
  • Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People

    • Once a month or more but not every week38%
    • Once a year or more but not every month50%
  • Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results

    • Very important results13%
    • Moderate results25%
    • Minor results33%
    • No results21%
  • Conflict Situations

    • Once a week or more but not every day13%
    • Once a month or more but not every week33%
    • Once a year or more but not every month50%
  • Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls

    • More than half the time26%
    • About half the time17%
    • Less than half the time13%
    • Never39%
  • Work Schedules

    • Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)67%
    • Regular (established routine, set schedule)33%
  • Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers

    • High responsibility13%
    • Moderate responsibility25%
    • Limited responsibility33%
    • No responsibility29%
  • Importance of Repeating Same Tasks

    • Important25%
    • Fairly important25%
    • Not important at all42%
  • Degree of Automation

    • Moderately automated25%
    • Slightly automated25%
    • Not at all automated46%
  • Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable

    • Once a month or more but not every week17%
    • Once a year or more but not every month17%
    • Never58%
  • Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled

    • Once a year or more but not every month21%
    • Never58%
  • Outdoors, Under Cover

    • Once a year or more but not every month33%
    • Never54%
  • Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions

    • Less than half the time33%
    • Never54%
  • Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures

    • Once a year or more but not every month17%
    • Never67%
  • Spend Time Walking or Running

    • Less than half the time42%
    • Never50%
  • Health and Safety of Other Workers

    • Limited responsibility33%
    • No responsibility54%
  • Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions

    • Once a year or more but not every month13%
    • Never71%
  • Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions

    • Once a year or more but not every month29%
    • Never63%
  • Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body

    • Less than half the time46%
    • Never50%
  • Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings

    • Never75%
  • Consequence of Error

    • Fairly serious13%
    • Not serious at all75%
  • Exposed to Contaminants

    • Never79%
  • Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions

    • Once a year or more but not every month13%
    • Never75%
  • Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets

    • Never88%
  • Exposed to Disease or Infections

    • Never88%
  • Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance

    • Never87%
  • Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People

    • Never83%
  • Duration of Typical Work Week

    • Less than 40 hours92%
  • Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling

    • Less than half the time25%
    • Never75%
  • Exposed to Hazardous Conditions

    • Never96%
  • Exposed to Hazardous Equipment

    • Never96%
  • Exposed to High Places

    • Never92%
  • Exposed to Radiation

    • Never96%
  • Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment

    • Not important at all96%
  • Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles

    • Never96%
  • Exposed to Whole Body Vibration

    • Never100%
  • In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment

    • Never100%
  • Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection

    • Never100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

  • Less than high school diploma
  • High school diploma or equivalent

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

  • Spreadsheet software

    Microsoft Excel

  • Office suite software

    Microsoft Office software

  • Route navigation software

    Route mapping software

  • Internet browser software

    Web browser software

  • Web page creation and editing software

    Facebook

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

  • Demonstrate products to consumers.
  • Explain technical product or service information to customers.
  • Identify potential customers.
  • Arrange delivery of goods or services.
  • Process sales or other transactions.
  • Take product orders from customers.
  • Contact current or potential customers to promote products or services.
  • Coordinate sales campaigns.
  • Answer customer questions about goods or services.
  • Sell products or services.
  • Distribute promotional literature or samples to customers.
  • Purchase stocks of merchandise or supplies.
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  • Set up merchandise displays.
  • Stock products or parts.
O*NET in-it

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology

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