Budget Analysts

Job Zone

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Analyze monthly department budgeting and accounting reports to maintain expenditure controls.84
Provide advice and technical assistance with cost analysis, fiscal allocation, and budget preparation.84
Review operating budgets to analyze trends affecting budget needs.79
Compile and analyze accounting records and other data to determine the financial resources required to implement a program.78
Examine budget estimates for completeness, accuracy, and conformance with procedures and regulations.77
Summarize budgets and submit recommendations for the approval or disapproval of funds requests.77
Consult with managers to ensure that budget adjustments are made in accordance with program changes.77
Direct the preparation of regular and special budget reports.76
Interpret budget directives and establish policies for carrying out directives.75
Testify before examining and fund-granting authorities, clarifying and promoting the proposed budgets.70
Perform cost-benefit analyses to compare operating programs, review financial requests, or explore alternative financing methods.68
Match appropriations for specific programs with appropriations for broader programs, including items for emergency funds.62

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Seek new ways to improve efficiency and increase profits.59
Communicate financial reports and budgets to stakeholders.—
Submit and monitor salary raises.—

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Critical Thinking72
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Mathematics72
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Active Listening69
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Complex Problem Solving69
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Judgment and Decision Making69
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Reading Comprehension69
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Speaking69
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Management of Financial Resources60
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Active Learning56
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Monitoring53
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Systems Analysis53
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Writing53
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.

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Social Perceptiveness50
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Systems Evaluation50
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Time Management50
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Coordination47
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Instructing41
Teaching others how to do something.
Negotiation41
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Persuasion41
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Learning Strategies38
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Service Orientation38
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Management of Personnel Resources35
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Operations Analysis31
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Management of Material Resources25
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Operations Monitoring22
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Programming19
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Technology Design19
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Science6
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Quality Control Analysis3
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Equipment Maintenance0
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Equipment Selection0
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
Operation and Control0
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Repairing0
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Troubleshooting0
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Economics and Accounting86
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Mathematics76
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
English Language73
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Administration and Management69
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Administrative60
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Computers and Electronics59
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Customer and Personal Service56
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Law and Government48
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Education and Training41
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Personnel and Human Resources31
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Public Safety and Security30
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Production and Processing25
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.

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Communications and Media22
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Sociology and Anthropology15
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Psychology13
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
History and Archeology11
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Philosophy and Theology10
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Telecommunications9
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Design8
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Geography8
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Therapy and Counseling8
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Sales and Marketing7
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Transportation7
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Engineering and Technology6
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Chemistry3
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Foreign Language3
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Physics3
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Biology1
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Building and Construction1
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Fine Arts1
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
Food Production1
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Mechanical1
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Medicine and Dentistry1
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Mathematical Reasoning72
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Number Facility72
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Oral Comprehension72
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Oral Expression72
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Written Comprehension72
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Deductive Reasoning69
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Information Ordering69
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Problem Sensitivity69
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Inductive Reasoning66
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Speech Clarity66
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Written Expression66
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Near Vision60
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).

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Speech Recognition56
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Category Flexibility53
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Fluency of Ideas50
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Perceptual Speed50
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Selective Attention50
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Flexibility of Closure47
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Originality47
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Far Vision41
The ability to see details at a distance.
Time Sharing41
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Memorization31
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Speed of Closure28
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Auditory Attention25
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Hearing Sensitivity25
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Visual Color Discrimination25
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Visualization25
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Finger Dexterity22
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Trunk Strength19
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Arm-Hand Steadiness13
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Control Precision13
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Depth Perception13
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Manual Dexterity13
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Wrist-Finger Speed10
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Dynamic Strength3
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Explosive Strength0
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Extent Flexibility0
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Glare Sensitivity0
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Gross Body Coordination0
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Gross Body Equilibrium0
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Multilimb Coordination0
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Night Vision0
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Peripheral Vision0
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Rate Control0
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Reaction Time0
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Response Orientation0
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Sound Localization0
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Spatial Orientation0
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Speed of Limb Movement0
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Stamina0
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Static Strength0
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Getting Information87
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Working with Computers87
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Processing Information86
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates81
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Analyzing Data or Information75
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work75
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Documenting/Recording Information71
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards71
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events70
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems70
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge68
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships61
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.

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Developing Objectives and Strategies59
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings59
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Thinking Creatively56
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others54
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Performing Administrative Activities49
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources48
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization47
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information45
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Scheduling Work and Activities42
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People38
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others38
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others36
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Assisting and Caring for Others35
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others35
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Developing and Building Teams35
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Training and Teaching Others32
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Coaching and Developing Others28
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates28
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public25
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Selling or Influencing Others24
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Staffing Organizational Units22
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Handling and Moving Objects17
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Performing General Physical Activities17
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials16
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Controlling Machines and Processes14
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment11
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment11
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment9
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment8
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Attention to Detail100
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Dependability88
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Integrity79
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Cautiousness72
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Intellectual Curiosity67
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Achievement Orientation59
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Perseverance48
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Self-Confidence48
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Self-Control48
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Stress Tolerance46
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Initiative42
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Cooperation36
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.

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Adaptability30
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Leadership Orientation29
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Innovation26
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Sincerity21
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Tolerance for Ambiguity19
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Social Orientation17
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Humility13
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
Optimism3
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Conventional100
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Enterprising65
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Investigative45
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Social21
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Artistic10
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.
Realistic0
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

E-Mail
- Every day100%
Spend Time Sitting
- Continually or almost continually83%
- More than half the time17%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important85%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day64%
- Once a week or more but not every day36%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day64%
- Once a week or more but not every day33%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important66%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom65%
- Some freedom22%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others59%
- Contact with others most of the time29%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important76%
- Fairly important11%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day64%
- Once a month or more but not every week32%
Time Pressure
- Every day45%
- Once a week or more but not every day37%
- Once a month or more but not every week18%

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Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom29%
- Some freedom67%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results42%
- Important results37%
- Moderate results17%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important73%
- Not important at all14%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility47%
- Moderate responsibility37%
- Limited responsibility12%
Duration of Typical Work Week
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day66%
- Never33%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually66%
- Never34%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day18%
- Once a week or more but not every day55%
- Once a year or more but not every month21%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- No responsibility14%
Conflict Situations
- Once a month or more but not every week17%
- Once a year or more but not every month34%
Level of Competition
- Highly competitive24%
- Moderately competitive52%
- Not at all competitive17%
Consequence of Error
- Extremely serious20%
- Serious15%
- Not serious at all39%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Every day15%
- Once a year or more but not every month17%
- Never26%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a month or more but not every week46%
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
- Never20%
Physical Proximity
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)19%
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)73%
Public Speaking
- Once a month or more but not every week14%
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Every day11%
- Once a year or more but not every month40%
- Never49%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Less than half the time78%
- Never22%
Spend Time Standing
- Less than half the time79%
- Never21%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Less than half the time76%
- Never24%
Degree of Automation
- Moderately automated14%
- Slightly automated27%
- Not at all automated59%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
Work Schedules
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)91%
Exposed to High Places
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never86%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never86%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Once a year or more but not every month15%
- Never85%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Less than half the time14%
- Never86%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time12%
- Never88%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Never99%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Never99%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Not important at all99%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Never100%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Never100%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never100%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never99%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Never100%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never100%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Never99%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never100%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Never100%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never100%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Never100%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Never100%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree
High school diploma or equivalent
Master’s degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Enterprise resource planning ERP software
Microsoft Dynamics GP, Oracle Hyperion, Sage Active Planner, SAP software
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint, SAP Crystal Xcelsius
Financial analysis software
Budget monitoring systems, Microsoft FRx, Oracle E-Business Suite Financials, Satori Group proCube
Data base user interface and query software
Microsoft Access, Online analytical processing OLAP software, Relational database software, Structured query language SQL
Accounting software
Deltek Costpoint, Fund accounting software, Hyperion Enterprise
Time accounting software
Payroll software, Time and attendance software, Valiant Vantage
Electronic mail software
Email software, Microsoft Outlook
Development environment software
Business Objects Data Integrator, Microsoft Visual Basic
Business intelligence and data analysis software
IBM Cognos Business Intelligence, Microsoft Power BI
Human resources software
Human resources management system HRMS, Ultimate Software UltiPro Workplace
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Graphics or photo imaging software
Graphics software
Document management software
Microsoft SharePoint
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Word processing software
Microsoft Word
Data base reporting software
SAP BusinessObjects Crystal Reports
Object or component oriented development software
Microsoft Visual Basic.NET
Analytical or scientific software
Statistical software

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Analyze budgetary or accounting data.
Advise others on financial matters.
Gather financial records.
Prepare financial documents, reports, or budgets.
Discuss business strategies, practices, or policies with managers.
Verify accuracy of financial information.
Establish organizational guidelines or policies.
Testify at legal or legislative proceedings.
Analyze business or financial data.
Identify opportunities to improve operational efficiency.

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology