Audiologists

Job Zone

Job Zone Five: Extensive Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require graduate school. For example, they may require a master's degree, and some require a Ph.D., M.D., or J.D. (law degree).

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Maintain patient records at all stages, including initial and subsequent evaluation and treatment activities.99
Evaluate hearing and balance disorders to determine diagnoses and courses of treatment.97
Fit, dispense, and repair assistive devices, such as hearing aids.96
Administer hearing tests and examine patients to collect information on type and degree of impairment, using specialized instruments and electronic equipment.94
Monitor patients' progress and provide ongoing observation of hearing or balance status.91
Instruct patients, parents, teachers, or employers in communication strategies to maximize effective receptive communication.90
Counsel and instruct patients and their families in techniques to improve hearing and communication related to hearing loss.89
Refer patients to additional medical or educational services, if needed.83
Participate in conferences or training to update or share knowledge of new hearing or balance disorder treatment methods or technologies.83
Examine and clean patients' ear canals.81
Recommend assistive devices according to patients' needs or nature of impairments.81
Advise educators or other medical staff on hearing or balance topics.81

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Program and monitor cochlear implants to fit the needs of patients.80
Educate and supervise audiology students and health care personnel.79
Plan and conduct treatment programs for patients' hearing or balance problems, consulting with educators, physicians, nurses, psychologists, speech-language pathologists, and other health care personnel, as necessary.79
Work with multidisciplinary teams to assess and rehabilitate recipients of implanted hearing devices through auditory training and counseling.78
Conduct or direct research on hearing or balance topics and report findings to help in the development of procedures, technology, or treatments.75
Perform administrative tasks, such as managing office functions and finances.72
Provide information to the public on hearing or balance topics.69
Engage in marketing activities, such as developing marketing plans, to promote business for private practices.68
Measure noise levels in workplaces and conduct hearing conservation programs in industry, military, schools, and communities.68
Develop and supervise hearing screening programs.67

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Active Listening78
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Reading Comprehension78
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Active Learning75
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Critical Thinking75
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Social Perceptiveness75
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Speaking75
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Writing75
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Judgment and Decision Making69
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Monitoring69
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Complex Problem Solving66
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.
Service Orientation66
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Coordination60
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.

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Learning Strategies60
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Time Management56
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Instructing53
Teaching others how to do something.
Persuasion53
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Systems Analysis53
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation53
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Operations Monitoring50
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Quality Control Analysis50
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Science50
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Management of Personnel Resources47
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Mathematics47
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Negotiation47
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Operations Analysis47
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Equipment Maintenance28
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Equipment Selection28
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Operation and Control28
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Repairing28
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Troubleshooting28
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.
Management of Financial Resources22
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Management of Material Resources22
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Technology Design22
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Programming19
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Installation6
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Customer and Personal Service95
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Therapy and Counseling90
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Psychology83
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Medicine and Dentistry82
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
English Language80
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Computers and Electronics77
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Sales and Marketing77
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
Biology74
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Education and Training73
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Administrative67
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Administration and Management60
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Economics and Accounting58
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.

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Personnel and Human Resources55
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Mathematics50
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Engineering and Technology48
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Communications and Media45
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Sociology and Anthropology44
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Law and Government43
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Telecommunications41
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.
Public Safety and Security38
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Physics37
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.
Mechanical33
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Production and Processing26
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Chemistry24
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Design23
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Foreign Language23
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Philosophy and Theology16
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Transportation13
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
Geography6
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Building and Construction4
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Fine Arts2
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
History and Archeology2
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Food Production0
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Oral Comprehension78
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Written Comprehension78
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Deductive Reasoning75
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Inductive Reasoning75
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Oral Expression75
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Problem Sensitivity75
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Written Expression75
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Speech Clarity72
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Near Vision69
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Speech Recognition69
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Information Ordering66
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).
Hearing Sensitivity63
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.

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Auditory Attention60
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Category Flexibility56
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Flexibility of Closure53
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Originality53
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Perceptual Speed53
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Arm-Hand Steadiness50
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Control Precision50
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Finger Dexterity50
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Fluency of Ideas50
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Speed of Closure50
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Far Vision47
The ability to see details at a distance.
Manual Dexterity47
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Mathematical Reasoning47
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Memorization47
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Selective Attention47
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Time Sharing47
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Number Facility38
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Visualization38
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Visual Color Discrimination35
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Trunk Strength28
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Multilimb Coordination25
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Response Orientation22
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Wrist-Finger Speed22
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Rate Control19
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Static Strength19
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.
Depth Perception16
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Reaction Time16
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Sound Localization16
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Extent Flexibility13
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Explosive Strength3
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Gross Body Coordination3
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Dynamic Strength0
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Glare Sensitivity0
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Gross Body Equilibrium0
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Night Vision0
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Peripheral Vision0
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Spatial Orientation0
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Speed of Limb Movement0
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Stamina0
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Assisting and Caring for Others97
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge94
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Working with Computers94
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships93
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public93
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Getting Information91
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Documenting/Recording Information90
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems89
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others85
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization83
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates82
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events79
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.

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Selling or Influencing Others79
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Performing Administrative Activities78
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards76
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Training and Teaching Others76
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Processing Information74
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others73
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Scheduling Work and Activities73
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Analyzing Data or Information72
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work72
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others71
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People70
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Controlling Machines and Processes68
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Coaching and Developing Others64
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials64
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings64
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates63
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment61
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources59
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Developing and Building Teams58
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Developing Objectives and Strategies58
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Thinking Creatively57
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information54
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Staffing Organizational Units51
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others50
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Handling and Moving Objects50
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment43
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
Performing General Physical Activities31
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment29
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment16
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Attention to Detail90
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Dependability85
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Empathy82
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Cooperation77
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Social Orientation73
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Cautiousness72
A tendency to be careful, deliberate, and risk-avoidant when making work-related decisions or doing work.
Integrity70
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Intellectual Curiosity69
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Sincerity67
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.
Self-Control65
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.
Achievement Orientation61
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Perseverance58
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.

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Adaptability56
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Optimism52
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Self-Confidence49
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Stress Tolerance48
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Initiative44
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Innovation44
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Humility40
A tendency to be modest and humble when interacting with others at work.
Tolerance for Ambiguity37
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Leadership Orientation30
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Investigative82
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Social82
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Conventional50
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Realistic50
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.
Artistic20
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.
Enterprising14
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

E-Mail
- Every day95%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day95%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day90%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others77%
- Contact with others most of the time18%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important73%
- Very important18%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important68%
- Very important27%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom68%
- Some freedom23%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day90%
Physical Proximity
- Very close (near touching)75%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day68%
- Once a week or more but not every day14%
- Once a month or more but not every week14%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day50%
- Once a week or more but not every day40%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important50%
- Very important30%
- Important15%

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Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom32%
- Some freedom55%
- Limited freedom14%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results45%
- Important results36%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Every day43%
- Once a week or more but not every day19%
- Once a month or more but not every week24%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
Spend Time Sitting
- Continually or almost continually14%
- More than half the time55%
- About half the time32%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually38%
- More than half the time24%
- About half the time19%
- Never14%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours32%
- 40 hours68%
Time Pressure
- Every day27%
- Once a week or more but not every day32%
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important15%
- Very important35%
- Important30%
- Fairly important20%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Very high responsibility29%
- High responsibility19%
- Moderate responsibility19%
- Limited responsibility33%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a week or more but not every day35%
- Once a month or more but not every week50%
Level of Competition
- Highly competitive27%
- Moderately competitive50%
- Slightly competitive14%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- High responsibility25%
- Moderate responsibility30%
- Limited responsibility30%
Conflict Situations
- Once a week or more but not every day19%
- Once a month or more but not every week38%
- Once a year or more but not every month24%
Consequence of Error
- Very serious23%
- Serious14%
- Fairly serious45%
- Not serious at all14%
Public Speaking
- Once a week or more but not every day14%
- Once a month or more but not every week18%
- Once a year or more but not every month64%
Spend Time Standing
- About half the time43%
- Less than half the time57%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Very important18%
- Important27%
- Fairly important14%
- Not important at all36%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- About half the time19%
- Less than half the time38%
- Never29%
Degree of Automation
- Moderately automated18%
- Slightly automated50%
- Not at all automated23%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Once a year or more but not every month43%
- Never43%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Less than half the time64%
- Never32%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Less than half the time55%
- Never36%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Never71%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Less than half the time57%
- Never38%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Never71%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Once a week or more but not every day14%
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never73%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Once a year or more but not every month18%
- Never68%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Once a year or more but not every month29%
- Never67%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Less than half the time14%
- Never82%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Never91%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Once a year or more but not every month25%
- Never75%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Not important at all91%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never86%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never91%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never86%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Never95%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never100%
Exposed to High Places
- Never100%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never100%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Never100%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never100%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never100%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Never100%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Never100%
Work Schedules
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Doctoral degree
Post-doctoral training

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Medical software
eClinicalWorks EHR software, Epic Systems, Healthcare common procedure coding system HCPCS, Vestibular Technologies ScreenTRAK
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Electronic mail software
Microsoft Outlook
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Word processing software
Microsoft Word

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Occupations that call for similar work and worker requirements.

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Record patient medical histories.
Analyze test data or images to inform diagnosis or treatment.
Adjust prostheses or other assistive devices.
Examine patients to assess general physical condition.
Operate diagnostic or therapeutic medical instruments or equipment.
Test patient hearing.
Monitor patient progress or responses to treatments.
Train patients, family members, or caregivers in techniques for managing disabilities or illnesses.
Maintain medical or professional knowledge.
Refer patients to other healthcare practitioners or health resources.
Administer basic health care or medical treatments.
Advise medical personnel regarding healthcare issues.

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Recommend types of assistive devices.
Enter patient or treatment data into computers.
Collaborate with healthcare professionals to plan or provide treatment.
Develop medical treatment plans.
Supervise patient care personnel.
Train medical providers.
Conduct research to increase knowledge about medical issues.
Present medical research reports.
Manage healthcare operations.
Communicate health and wellness information to the public.
Conduct health or safety training programs.
Inspect work environments to ensure safety.
Merchandise healthcare products or services.
Develop health assessment methods or programs.

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology