Agents and Business Managers of Artists, Performers, and Athletes

Job Zone

Job Zone Four: Considerable Preparation Needed

Most of these occupations require a four-year bachelor's degree, but some do not.

Job Zones group occupations into one of five categories based on the education, experience, and training typically needed to perform them.

Tasks

Specific duties and responsibilities regularly performed in this occupation.

Collect fees, commissions, or other payments, according to contract terms.89
Send samples of clients' work and other promotional material to potential employers to obtain auditions, sponsorships, or endorsement deals.87
Keep informed of industry trends and deals.82
Conduct auditions or interviews to evaluate potential clients.75
Negotiate with managers, promoters, union officials, and other persons regarding clients' contractual rights and obligations.75
Confer with clients to develop strategies for their careers, and to explain actions taken on their behalf.74
Develop contacts with individuals and organizations, and apply effective strategies and techniques to ensure their clients' success.72
Schedule promotional or performance engagements for clients.65
Arrange meetings concerning issues involving their clients.63
Manage business and financial affairs for clients, such as arranging travel and lodging, selling tickets, and directing marketing and advertising activities.63
Hire trainers or coaches to advise clients on performance matters, such as training techniques or performance presentations.61
Prepare periodic accounting statements for clients.61

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Obtain information about or inspect performance facilities, equipment, and accommodations to ensure that they meet specifications.49
Advise clients on financial and legal matters, such as investments and taxes.39

Skills

Developed capacities that facilitate learning or the more rapid acquisition of knowledge.

Active Listening75
Giving full attention to what other people are saying, taking time to understand the points being made, asking questions as appropriate, and not interrupting at inappropriate times.
Negotiation75
Bringing others together and trying to reconcile differences.
Persuasion75
Persuading others to change their minds or behavior.
Reading Comprehension75
Understanding written sentences and paragraphs in work-related documents.
Speaking75
Talking to others to convey information effectively.
Social Perceptiveness72
Being aware of others' reactions and understanding why they react as they do.
Coordination69
Adjusting actions in relation to others' actions.
Critical Thinking69
Using logic and reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions, or approaches to problems.
Time Management69
Managing one's own time and the time of others.
Writing66
Communicating effectively in writing as appropriate for the needs of the audience.
Active Learning63
Understanding the implications of new information for both current and future problem-solving and decision-making.
Complex Problem Solving60
Identifying complex problems and reviewing related information to develop and evaluate options and implement solutions.

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Judgment and Decision Making53
Considering the relative costs and benefits of potential actions to choose the most appropriate one.
Service Orientation50
Actively looking for ways to help people.
Instructing47
Teaching others how to do something.
Management of Personnel Resources47
Motivating, developing, and directing people as they work, identifying the best people for the job.
Monitoring47
Monitoring/Assessing performance of yourself, other individuals, or organizations to make improvements or take corrective action.
Learning Strategies41
Selecting and using training/instructional methods and procedures appropriate for the situation when learning or teaching new things.
Systems Analysis38
Determining how a system should work and how changes in conditions, operations, and the environment will affect outcomes.
Systems Evaluation38
Identifying measures or indicators of system performance and the actions needed to improve or correct performance, relative to the goals of the system.
Mathematics28
Using mathematics to solve problems.
Management of Financial Resources22
Determining how money will be spent to get the work done, and accounting for these expenditures.
Operations Analysis19
Analyzing needs and product requirements to create a design.
Science16
Using scientific rules and methods to solve problems.
Management of Material Resources13
Obtaining and seeing to the appropriate use of equipment, facilities, and materials needed to do certain work.
Programming13
Writing computer programs for various purposes.
Technology Design10
Generating or adapting equipment and technology to serve user needs.
Operation and Control6
Controlling operations of equipment or systems.
Operations Monitoring6
Watching gauges, dials, or other indicators to make sure a machine is working properly.
Equipment Maintenance0
Performing routine maintenance on equipment and determining when and what kind of maintenance is needed.
Equipment Selection0
Determining the kind of tools and equipment needed to do a job.
Installation0
Installing equipment, machines, wiring, or programs to meet specifications.
Quality Control Analysis0
Conducting tests and inspections of products, services, or processes to evaluate quality or performance.
Repairing0
Repairing machines or systems using the needed tools.
Troubleshooting0
Determining causes of operating errors and deciding what to do about it.

Knowledge

Organized sets of principles and facts that apply in general domains.

Customer and Personal Service84
Knowledge of principles and processes for providing customer and personal services. This includes customer needs assessment, meeting quality standards for services, and evaluation of customer satisfaction.
Sales and Marketing76
Knowledge of principles and methods for showing, promoting, and selling products or services. This includes marketing strategy and tactics, product demonstration, sales techniques, and sales control systems.
English Language73
Knowledge of the structure and content of the English language including the meaning and spelling of words, and rules of composition and grammar.
Administration and Management71
Knowledge of business and management principles involved in strategic planning, resource allocation, human resources modeling, leadership technique, production methods, and coordination of people and resources.
Fine Arts69
Knowledge of the theory and techniques required to compose, produce, and perform works of music, dance, visual arts, drama, and sculpture.
Communications and Media67
Knowledge of media production, communication, and dissemination techniques and methods. This includes alternative ways to inform and entertain via written, oral, and visual media.
Administrative60
Knowledge of administrative and office procedures and systems such as word processing, managing files and records, stenography and transcription, designing forms, and workplace terminology.
Personnel and Human Resources52
Knowledge of principles and procedures for personnel recruitment, selection, training, compensation and benefits, labor relations and negotiation, and personnel information systems.
Economics and Accounting48
Knowledge of economic and accounting principles and practices, the financial markets, banking, and the analysis and reporting of financial data.
Computers and Electronics38
Knowledge of circuit boards, processors, chips, electronic equipment, and computer hardware and software, including applications and programming.
Mathematics38
Knowledge of arithmetic, algebra, geometry, calculus, statistics, and their applications.
Telecommunications35
Knowledge of transmission, broadcasting, switching, control, and operation of telecommunications systems.

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Psychology34
Knowledge of human behavior and performance; individual differences in ability, personality, and interests; learning and motivation; psychological research methods; and the assessment and treatment of behavioral and affective disorders.
Education and Training33
Knowledge of principles and methods for curriculum and training design, teaching and instruction for individuals and groups, and the measurement of training effects.
Law and Government31
Knowledge of laws, legal codes, court procedures, precedents, government regulations, executive orders, agency rules, and the democratic political process.
Geography25
Knowledge of principles and methods for describing the features of land, sea, and air masses, including their physical characteristics, locations, interrelationships, and distribution of plant, animal, and human life.
Sociology and Anthropology23
Knowledge of group behavior and dynamics, societal trends and influences, human migrations, ethnicity, cultures, and their history and origins.
Production and Processing19
Knowledge of raw materials, production processes, quality control, costs, and other techniques for maximizing the effective manufacture and distribution of goods.
Foreign Language15
Knowledge of the structure and content of a foreign (non-English) language including the meaning and spelling of words, rules of composition and grammar, and pronunciation.
Transportation14
Knowledge of principles and methods for moving people or goods by air, rail, sea, or road, including the relative costs and benefits.
History and Archeology12
Knowledge of historical events and their causes, indicators, and effects on civilizations and cultures.
Public Safety and Security11
Knowledge of relevant equipment, policies, procedures, and strategies to promote effective local, state, or national security operations for the protection of people, data, property, and institutions.
Therapy and Counseling10
Knowledge of principles, methods, and procedures for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of physical and mental dysfunctions, and for career counseling and guidance.
Design8
Knowledge of design techniques, tools, and principles involved in production of precision technical plans, blueprints, drawings, and models.
Philosophy and Theology6
Knowledge of different philosophical systems and religions. This includes their basic principles, values, ethics, ways of thinking, customs, practices, and their impact on human culture.
Building and Construction2
Knowledge of materials, methods, and the tools involved in the construction or repair of houses, buildings, or other structures such as highways and roads.
Engineering and Technology2
Knowledge of the practical application of engineering science and technology. This includes applying principles, techniques, procedures, and equipment to the design and production of various goods and services.
Mechanical2
Knowledge of machines and tools, including their designs, uses, repair, and maintenance.
Biology0
Knowledge of plant and animal organisms, their tissues, cells, functions, interdependencies, and interactions with each other and the environment.
Chemistry0
Knowledge of the chemical composition, structure, and properties of substances and of the chemical processes and transformations that they undergo. This includes uses of chemicals and their interactions, danger signs, production techniques, and disposal methods.
Food Production0
Knowledge of techniques and equipment for planting, growing, and harvesting food products (both plant and animal) for consumption, including storage/handling techniques.
Medicine and Dentistry0
Knowledge of the information and techniques needed to diagnose and treat human injuries, diseases, and deformities. This includes symptoms, treatment alternatives, drug properties and interactions, and preventive health-care measures.
Physics0
Knowledge and prediction of physical principles, laws, their interrelationships, and applications to understanding fluid, material, and atmospheric dynamics, and mechanical, electrical, atomic and sub-atomic structures and processes.

Abilities

Enduring attributes of the individual that influence performance.

Oral Expression78
The ability to communicate information and ideas in speaking so others will understand.
Oral Comprehension75
The ability to listen to and understand information and ideas presented through spoken words and sentences.
Written Comprehension75
The ability to read and understand information and ideas presented in writing.
Problem Sensitivity72
The ability to tell when something is wrong or is likely to go wrong. It does not involve solving the problem, only recognizing that there is a problem.
Speech Clarity72
The ability to speak clearly so others can understand you.
Speech Recognition72
The ability to identify and understand the speech of another person.
Deductive Reasoning69
The ability to apply general rules to specific problems to produce answers that make sense.
Inductive Reasoning66
The ability to combine pieces of information to form general rules or conclusions (includes finding a relationship among seemingly unrelated events).
Written Expression66
The ability to communicate information and ideas in writing so others will understand.
Near Vision63
The ability to see details at close range (within a few feet of the observer).
Fluency of Ideas56
The ability to come up with a number of ideas about a topic (the number of ideas is important, not their quality, correctness, or creativity).
Information Ordering56
The ability to arrange things or actions in a certain order or pattern according to a specific rule or set of rules (e.g., patterns of numbers, letters, words, pictures, mathematical operations).

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Originality53
The ability to come up with unusual or clever ideas about a given topic or situation, or to develop creative ways to solve a problem.
Category Flexibility50
The ability to generate or use different sets of rules for combining or grouping things in different ways.
Far Vision47
The ability to see details at a distance.
Selective Attention47
The ability to concentrate on a task over a period of time without being distracted.
Mathematical Reasoning41
The ability to choose the right mathematical methods or formulas to solve a problem.
Time Sharing38
The ability to shift back and forth between two or more activities or sources of information (such as speech, sounds, touch, or other sources).
Number Facility35
The ability to add, subtract, multiply, or divide quickly and correctly.
Flexibility of Closure28
The ability to identify or detect a known pattern (a figure, object, word, or sound) that is hidden in other distracting material.
Speed of Closure28
The ability to quickly make sense of, combine, and organize information into meaningful patterns.
Memorization25
The ability to remember information such as words, numbers, pictures, and procedures.
Visualization25
The ability to imagine how something will look after it is moved around or when its parts are moved or rearranged.
Perceptual Speed22
The ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns. The things to be compared may be presented at the same time or one after the other. This ability also includes comparing a presented object with a remembered object.
Visual Color Discrimination22
The ability to match or detect differences between colors, including shades of color and brightness.
Auditory Attention19
The ability to focus on a single source of sound in the presence of other distracting sounds.
Finger Dexterity16
The ability to make precisely coordinated movements of the fingers of one or both hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble very small objects.
Hearing Sensitivity16
The ability to detect or tell the differences between sounds that vary in pitch and loudness.
Trunk Strength16
The ability to use your abdominal and lower back muscles to support part of the body repeatedly or continuously over time without "giving out" or fatiguing.
Arm-Hand Steadiness6
The ability to keep your hand and arm steady while moving your arm or while holding your arm and hand in one position.
Control Precision6
The ability to quickly and repeatedly adjust the controls of a machine or a vehicle to exact positions.
Depth Perception6
The ability to judge which of several objects is closer or farther away from you, or to judge the distance between you and an object.
Manual Dexterity6
The ability to quickly move your hand, your hand together with your arm, or your two hands to grasp, manipulate, or assemble objects.
Multilimb Coordination6
The ability to coordinate two or more limbs (for example, two arms, two legs, or one leg and one arm) while sitting, standing, or lying down. It does not involve performing the activities while the whole body is in motion.
Wrist-Finger Speed6
The ability to make fast, simple, repeated movements of the fingers, hands, and wrists.
Dynamic Flexibility0
The ability to quickly and repeatedly bend, stretch, twist, or reach out with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Dynamic Strength0
The ability to exert muscle force repeatedly or continuously over time. This involves muscular endurance and resistance to muscle fatigue.
Explosive Strength0
The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object.
Extent Flexibility0
The ability to bend, stretch, twist, or reach with your body, arms, and/or legs.
Glare Sensitivity0
The ability to see objects in the presence of a glare or bright lighting.
Gross Body Coordination0
The ability to coordinate the movement of your arms, legs, and torso together when the whole body is in motion.
Gross Body Equilibrium0
The ability to keep or regain your body balance or stay upright when in an unstable position.
Night Vision0
The ability to see under low-light conditions.
Peripheral Vision0
The ability to see objects or movement of objects to one's side when the eyes are looking ahead.
Rate Control0
The ability to time your movements or the movement of a piece of equipment in anticipation of changes in the speed and/or direction of a moving object or scene.
Reaction Time0
The ability to quickly respond (with the hand, finger, or foot) to a signal (sound, light, picture) when it appears.
Response Orientation0
The ability to choose quickly between two or more movements in response to two or more different signals (lights, sounds, pictures). It includes the speed with which the correct response is started with the hand, foot, or other body part.
Sound Localization0
The ability to tell the direction from which a sound originated.
Spatial Orientation0
The ability to know your location in relation to the environment or to know where other objects are in relation to you.
Speed of Limb Movement0
The ability to quickly move the arms and legs.
Stamina0
The ability to exert yourself physically over long periods of time without getting winded or out of breath.
Static Strength0
The ability to exert maximum muscle force to lift, push, pull, or carry objects.

Work Activities

General types of job behaviors occurring on multiple jobs.

Getting Information88
Observing, receiving, and otherwise obtaining information from all relevant sources.
Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal Relationships78
Developing constructive and cooperative working relationships with others, and maintaining them over time.
Thinking Creatively75
Developing, designing, or creating new applications, ideas, relationships, systems, or products, including artistic contributions.
Communicating with People Outside the Organization74
Communicating with people outside the organization, representing the organization to customers, the public, government, and other external sources. This information can be exchanged in person, in writing, or by telephone or e-mail.
Updating and Using Relevant Knowledge71
Keeping up-to-date technically and applying new knowledge to your job.
Organizing, Planning, and Prioritizing Work70
Developing specific goals and plans to prioritize, organize, and accomplish your work.
Scheduling Work and Activities68
Scheduling events, programs, and activities, as well as the work of others.
Working with Computers68
Using computers and computer systems (including hardware and software) to program, write software, set up functions, enter data, or process information.
Selling or Influencing Others67
Convincing others to buy merchandise/goods or to otherwise change their minds or actions.
Making Decisions and Solving Problems65
Analyzing information and evaluating results to choose the best solution and solve problems.
Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or Subordinates63
Providing information to supervisors, co-workers, and subordinates by telephone, in written form, e-mail, or in person.
Identifying Objects, Actions, and Events62
Identifying information by categorizing, estimating, recognizing differences or similarities, and detecting changes in circumstances or events.

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Developing Objectives and Strategies59
Establishing long-range objectives and specifying the strategies and actions to achieve them.
Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others59
Handling complaints, settling disputes, and resolving grievances and conflicts, or otherwise negotiating with others.
Coordinating the Work and Activities of Others56
Getting members of a group to work together to accomplish tasks.
Providing Consultation and Advice to Others55
Providing guidance and expert advice to management or other groups on technical, systems-, or process-related topics.
Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People52
Assessing the value, importance, or quality of things or people.
Performing Administrative Activities50
Performing day-to-day administrative tasks such as maintaining information files and processing paperwork.
Documenting/Recording Information48
Entering, transcribing, recording, storing, or maintaining information in written or electronic/magnetic form.
Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others47
Translating or explaining what information means and how it can be used.
Developing and Building Teams46
Encouraging and building mutual trust, respect, and cooperation among team members.
Analyzing Data or Information42
Identifying the underlying principles, reasons, or facts of information by breaking down information or data into separate parts.
Coaching and Developing Others39
Identifying the developmental needs of others and coaching, mentoring, or otherwise helping others to improve their knowledge or skills.
Performing for or Working Directly with the Public39
Performing for people or dealing directly with the public. This includes serving customers in restaurants and stores, and receiving clients or guests.
Evaluating Information to Determine Compliance with Standards36
Using relevant information and individual judgment to determine whether events or processes comply with laws, regulations, or standards.
Monitoring and Controlling Resources33
Monitoring and controlling resources and overseeing the spending of money.
Monitoring Processes, Materials, or Surroundings33
Monitoring and reviewing information from materials, events, or the environment, to detect or assess problems.
Processing Information33
Compiling, coding, categorizing, calculating, tabulating, auditing, or verifying information or data.
Assisting and Caring for Others32
Providing personal assistance, medical attention, emotional support, or other personal care to others such as coworkers, customers, or patients.
Estimating the Quantifiable Characteristics of Products, Events, or Information32
Estimating sizes, distances, and quantities; or determining time, costs, resources, or materials needed to perform a work activity.
Guiding, Directing, and Motivating Subordinates29
Providing guidance and direction to subordinates, including setting performance standards and monitoring performance.
Training and Teaching Others22
Identifying the educational needs of others, developing formal educational or training programs or classes, and teaching or instructing others.
Staffing Organizational Units20
Recruiting, interviewing, selecting, hiring, and promoting employees in an organization.
Handling and Moving Objects16
Using hands and arms in handling, installing, positioning, and moving materials, and manipulating things.
Performing General Physical Activities12
Performing general physical activities includes doing activities that require considerable use of your arms and legs and moving your whole body, such as climbing, lifting, balancing, walking, stooping, and handling materials.
Inspecting Equipment, Structures, or Materials9
Inspecting equipment, structures, or materials to identify the cause of errors or other problems or defects.
Drafting, Laying Out, and Specifying Technical Devices, Parts, and Equipment7
Providing documentation, detailed instructions, drawings, or specifications to tell others about how devices, parts, equipment, or structures are to be fabricated, constructed, assembled, modified, maintained, or used.
Controlling Machines and Processes4
Using either control mechanisms or direct physical activity to operate machines or processes (not including computers or vehicles).
Operating Vehicles, Mechanized Devices, or Equipment3
Running, maneuvering, navigating, or driving vehicles or mechanized equipment, such as forklifts, passenger vehicles, aircraft, or watercraft.
Repairing and Maintaining Mechanical Equipment3
Servicing, repairing, adjusting, and testing machines, devices, moving parts, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of mechanical (not electronic) principles.
Repairing and Maintaining Electronic Equipment2
Servicing, repairing, calibrating, regulating, fine-tuning, or testing machines, devices, and equipment that operate primarily on the basis of electrical or electronic (not mechanical) principles.

Work Styles

Personal characteristics that can affect how well someone performs a job.

Social Orientation85
A tendency to seek out, enjoy, and be energized by social interaction at work.
Perseverance77
A tendency to exhibit determination and resolve to perform or complete tasks in the face of difficult circumstances or obstacles at work.
Self-Confidence77
A tendency to believe in one's work-related capabilities and ability to control one's work-related outcomes.
Dependability75
A tendency to be reliable, responsible, and consistent in meeting work-related obligations.
Leadership Orientation75
A tendency to lead, take charge, offer opinions, and provide direction at work.
Achievement Orientation74
A tendency to establish and maintain personally challenging work-related goals, set high work-related standards, and exert high effort toward meeting those goals and standards.
Adaptability70
A tendency to be open to and comfortable with change, new experiences, or ideas at work.
Initiative69
A tendency to be proactive and take on extra responsibilities and tasks that may fall outside of one's required work role.
Integrity69
A tendency to be honest and ethical at work.
Attention to Detail67
A tendency to be detail-oriented, organized, and thorough in completing work.
Stress Tolerance61
A tendency to cope and function effectively in stressful situations at work.
Self-Control60
A tendency to remain calm and composed and to manage emotions effectively in response to criticism or difficult situations at work.

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Tolerance for Ambiguity59
A tendency to be comfortable with ambiguity and uncertainty at work.
Optimism58
A tendency to exhibit a positive attitude and positive emotions at work, even under difficult circumstances.
Cooperation57
A tendency to be pleasant, helpful, and willing to assist others at work.
Empathy49
A tendency to show concern for others and be sensitive to others' needs and feelings at work.
Innovation46
A tendency to be inventive, to be imaginative, and to adopt new perspectives on ways to accomplish work.
Intellectual Curiosity39
A tendency to seek out and acquire new work-related knowledge and obtain a deep understanding of work-related subjects.
Sincerity19
A tendency to be genuine and sincere in interactions with others at work, without concern for personal gain or self-interest.

Interests (RIASEC)

Holland's six occupational interest types (RIASEC) this work tends to attract.

Enterprising91
Work involves managing, negotiating, marketing, or selling, typically in a business setting, or leading or advising people in political and legal situations. Enterprising occupations are often associated with business initiatives, sales, marketing/advertising, finance, management/administration, professional advising, public speaking, politics, or law.
Social52
Work involves helping, teaching, advising, assisting, or providing service to others. Social occupations are often associated with social, health care, personal service, teaching/education, or religious activities.
Conventional46
Work involves following procedures and regulations to organize information or data, typically in a business setting. Conventional occupations are often associated with office work, accounting, mathematics/statistics, information technology, finance, or human resources.
Artistic43
Work involves creating original visual artwork, performances, written works, food, or music for a variety of media, or applying artistic principles to the design of various objects and materials. Artistic occupations are often associated with visual arts, applied arts and design, performing arts, music, creative writing, media, or culinary art.
Investigative13
Work involves studying and researching non-living objects, living organisms, disease or other forms of impairment, or human behavior. Investigative occupations are often associated with physical, life, medical, or social sciences, and can be found in the fields of humanities, mathematics/statistics, information technology, or health care service.
Realistic0
Work involves designing, building, or repairing of equipment, materials, or structures, engaging in physical activity, or working outdoors. Realistic occupations are often associated with engineering, mechanics and electronics, construction, woodworking, transportation, machine operation, agriculture, animal services, physical or manual labor, athletics, or protective services.

Work Context

Physical and social factors that influence the nature of work.

E-Mail
- Every day100%
Telephone Conversations
- Every day100%
Contact With Others
- Constant contact with others94%
Time Pressure
- Every day66%
- Once a week or more but not every day33%
Frequency of Decision Making
- Every day71%
- Once a week or more but not every day17%
- Once a month or more but not every week11%
Spend Time Sitting
- Continually or almost continually60%
- More than half the time40%
Face-to-Face Discussions with Individuals and Within Teams
- Every day69%
- Once a week or more but not every day20%
Determine Tasks, Priorities and Goals
- A lot of freedom53%
- Some freedom38%
Importance of Being Exact or Accurate
- Extremely important68%
- Very important13%
- Important12%
Freedom to Make Decisions
- A lot of freedom34%
- Some freedom54%
- Limited freedom11%
Work With or Contribute to a Work Group or Team
- Extremely important48%
- Very important30%
- Important12%
Impact of Decisions on Co-workers or Company Results
- Very important results49%
- Important results17%
- Moderate results33%

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Level of Competition
- Extremely competitive36%
- Highly competitive35%
- Moderately competitive19%
Indoors, Environmentally Controlled
- Every day66%
- Never27%
Coordinate or Lead Others in Accomplishing Work Activities
- Extremely important28%
- Very important34%
- Fairly important29%
Duration of Typical Work Week
- More than 40 hours45%
- 40 hours38%
- Less than 40 hours16%
Written Letters and Memos
- Every day14%
- Once a week or more but not every day38%
- Once a month or more but not every week28%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
Conflict Situations
- Once a week or more but not every day39%
- Once a month or more but not every week36%
- Once a year or more but not every month13%
Work Outcomes and Results of Other Workers
- High responsibility35%
- Moderate responsibility32%
- Limited responsibility20%
Dealing With Unpleasant, Angry, or Discourteous People
- Once a week or more but not every day27%
- Once a month or more but not every week36%
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
Deal With External Customers or the Public in General
- Extremely important34%
- Important17%
- Not important at all41%
Importance of Repeating Same Tasks
- Extremely important17%
- Very important11%
- Important31%
- Fairly important24%
- Not important at all18%
Consequence of Error
- Very serious14%
- Serious36%
- Fairly serious23%
- Not serious at all17%
Physical Proximity
- Slightly close (e.g., shared office)65%
- I work with others but not closely (e.g., private office)17%
- I don't work near other people (beyond 100 ft.)11%
Exposed to Sounds, Noise Levels that are Distracting or Uncomfortable
- Once a month or more but not every week15%
- Once a year or more but not every month35%
- Never40%
Spend Time Making Repetitive Motions
- More than half the time19%
- About half the time13%
- Less than half the time18%
- Never49%
Public Speaking
- Once a month or more but not every week37%
- Once a year or more but not every month26%
- Never37%
Spend Time Standing
- Less than half the time72%
- Never27%
Spend Time Using Your Hands to Handle, Control, or Feel Objects, Tools, or Controls
- Continually or almost continually15%
- Less than half the time14%
- Never71%
Degree of Automation
- Moderately automated17%
- Slightly automated22%
- Not at all automated58%
Spend Time Walking or Running
- Less than half the time59%
- Never41%
Health and Safety of Other Workers
- Limited responsibility31%
- No responsibility60%
Exposed to Very Hot or Cold Temperatures
- Once a year or more but not every month19%
- Never75%
In an Enclosed Vehicle or Operate Enclosed Equipment
- Once a month or more but not every week11%
- Never79%
Exposed to Extremely Bright or Inadequate Lighting Conditions
- Once a year or more but not every month24%
- Never75%
Work Schedules
- Irregular (changes with weather conditions, production demands, or contract duration)14%
- Regular (established routine, set schedule)86%
Dealing with Violent or Physically Aggressive People
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never78%
Exposed to Contaminants
- Once a year or more but not every month22%
- Never77%
Outdoors, Exposed to All Weather Conditions
- Never87%
Outdoors, Under Cover
- Never88%
Indoors, Not Environmentally Controlled
- Once a year or more but not every month14%
- Never86%
Exposed to Cramped Work Space, Awkward Positions
- Once a year or more but not every month11%
- Never89%
Exposed to Disease or Infections
- Once a year or more but not every month11%
- Never89%
Exposed to High Places
- Never93%
Exposed to Whole Body Vibration
- Never94%
Spend Time Bending or Twisting Your Body
- Never97%
Spend Time Kneeling, Crouching, Stooping, or Crawling
- Never98%
Exposed to Hazardous Conditions
- Never100%
Exposed to Hazardous Equipment
- Never100%
Exposed to Minor Burns, Cuts, Bites, or Stings
- Never100%
Exposed to Radiation
- Never100%
In an Open Vehicle or Operating Equipment
- Never100%
Pace Determined by Speed of Equipment
- Not important at all100%
Spend Time Climbing Ladders, Scaffolds, or Poles
- Never99%
Spend Time Keeping or Regaining Balance
- Never99%
Wear Common Protective or Safety Equipment such as Safety Shoes, Glasses, Gloves, Hearing Protection, Hard Hats, or Life Jackets
- Never100%
Wear Specialized Protective or Safety Equipment such as Breathing Apparatus, Safety Harness, Full Protection Suits, or Radiation Protection
- Never100%

Typical Education Levels Reported

Education levels O*NET survey respondents in this occupation most often reported having.

Bachelor’s degree
High school diploma or equivalent
Master’s degree

Technology Skills

Specific software and technology tools commonly used on the job.

Web page creation and editing software
Facebook, LinkedIn, Salesforce Marketing Cloud
Video conferencing software
Videoconferencing software, Zoom
Electronic mail software
Email software, Microsoft Outlook
Accounting software
Financial accounting software
Graphics or photo imaging software
Adobe Photoshop
Customer relationship management CRM software
Salesforce software
Spreadsheet software
Microsoft Excel
Video creation and editing software
Avid Technology iNEWS
Tax preparation software
Tax planning software
Transaction server software
Web server software
Office suite software
Microsoft Office software
Operating system software
Apple macOS
Word processing software
Microsoft Word
Instant messaging software
Twitter
Analytical or scientific software
Statistical analysis software
Internet browser software
Web browser software
Presentation software
Microsoft PowerPoint
Data base user interface and query software
Database software
Information retrieval or search software
LexisNexis

Professional Associations

Organizations related to this occupation, such as industry and licensing bodies.

Related Occupations

Detailed Work Activities

More specific, granular versions of the Work Activities above.

Collect payments for goods or services.
Distribute promotional literature or samples to customers.
Perform marketing activities.
Update professional knowledge.
Arrange collective bargaining agreements.
Conduct eligibility or selection interviews.
Correspond with customers to answer questions or resolve complaints.
Develop business relationships.
Organize special events.
Implement financial decisions.
Market products, services, or events.
Administer personnel recruitment or hiring activities.

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Prepare financial documents.
Inspect facilities or equipment to ensure specifications are met.
Advise others on legal or regulatory compliance matters.
Recommend investments to clients.

This page incorporates information from O*NET Web Services by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA).

Based on federal labor and demographic data. Data source & methodology